| 释义 |
systeˈmatical, a. Now rare or Obs.
[f. late L. systēmaticus: see prec. and -ical.]
1. Of a writing or treatise: Containing or setting forth a system or regular exposition of some subject. Of a subject or study: Set forth, or pursued, in the way of a system or regular scheme. Of a writer: Dealing with a subject in this way; cf. 4.
1661Boyle Style Script. 111 Such Precepts..are not Express'd and Rang'd in the Bible, as they are wont to be in Systematical Composures. 1698Norris Pract. Disc. (1707) IV. 239 But 'tis New Philosophy, and..he likes the company of his Systematical Divines better. 1767F. Blackburne (title) The Confessional: or, A Full and Free..Inquiry into the Right..Of Establishing Systematical Confessions of Faith and Doctrine in Protestant Churches. 1781De Lolme Const. Eng. Advt. (1817) p. vi, The book..met..with approbation,..which..was no small luck for a book on systematical politics. 1782Priestley Corrupt. Chr. I. i. ix. 124 Anselm, though he writes with wonderful acuteness, is not systematical.
b. Belonging to, or dealing in, a ‘system’ or theory; theoretical: cf. system 8 c.
1748Chesterfield Let. to Son 25 Mar., They are not the laboured reflections of a systematical closet politician, who, without the least experience of business, sits at home and writes maxims. 1794R. J. Sulivan View Nat. I. 57 Too much pertinacity in the support of systematical conjecture.
2. gen. = prec. 3.
1692Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. (1693) 7 A brief account of some of the most principal and systematical Phænomena. 1749Hartley Observ. Man i. Pref., Adding such things as were necessary to make the Whole appear more complete and systematical. 1763J. Brown Poetry & Mus. v. 68 Their [sc. the ancients'] Divisions of the Musical Art are precise and systematical. 1804–8Foster Life & Corr. (1846) I. 283 A plan of systematical reading. 1820Scoresby Acc. Arctic Reg. II. 214 The systematical movements of the whales. 1853Ruskin Stones Ven. II. viii. §51. 320 To arrange their ideas in systematical groups.
b. = prec. 3 b.
1750Miss Talbot in Eliz. Carter's Lett. 26 Nov. (1809) I. 364 Some books of French, Morale Mondaine,..full of a systematical profligateness, veiled with delicacy of expression. 1755Monitor No. 10. I. 77 The grand systematical corrupter. 1783Burke Rep. Aff. India Wks. 1842 II. 81 In systematical contradiction to the company's orders. 1816F. H. Naylor Hist. Germany I. i. viii. 290 The Jesuits, those systematical foes to every liberal sentiment.
†3. Belonging to the system of the universe, or to the solar system; cosmical. Obs.
1688Boyle Final Causes Nat. Things i. 8 These Ends, may,..be call'd Cosmical or Systematical, as regarding the Symmetry of the great System of the world. 1781Herschel in Phil. Trans. (1782) LXXII. 104 This new kind of systematical parallax, if I may be allowed to use that expression, for signifying the change arising from the motion of the whole solar system. 1797― in Encycl. Brit. II. 480/2 The greatest..systematical parallax of the fixed stars will fall upon those that are in the line..at rectangles to the direction.. of the sun's motion.
4. Nat. Hist. = prec. 4. Now rare or Obs.
1813Sir H. Davy Agric. Chem. iii. (1814) 118 Some distinctions have been adopted by systematical authors which I have not entered into. 1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xvii. (1818) II. 48 Gould..though no systematical naturalist, was a man of sense and observation. 1829T. Castle Introd. Bot. 2 That part of the science, which refers to..the classification of plants..is denominated systematical botany.
Hence ˌsystematiˈcality, the quality of being systematic.
1872H. Nicol in Westm. Rev. XLI. 45 The symbols of foreign [sounds] will, from the systematicality of the alphabet, in most cases explain themselves. |