| 释义 |
Einstein|ˈaɪnʃtaɪn, -staɪn|
The name of Albert Einstein (1879–1955), German physicist and mathematician, used attrib. or in the possessive to designate certain theories and principles enunciated by him or arising out of his work.
1922Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics II. 359/2 According to Einstein's theory all energy possesses mass. Ibid. 595/1 Richardson has shown that Einstein's equation may be derived by thermodynamic and statistical methods. 1923J. M. Murry Pencillings 68 To some the Einstein theory may show the way of reconciliation. 1927A. S. Eddington Stars & Atoms 52 The Einstein effect is proportional to the mass divided by the radius of the star. 1934Webster, Einstein shift, the difference in wave-length..between light emitted by a source of a definite nature in the sun..and that emitted by a like source on the earth. 1958Listener 11 Dec. 973/1 Eddington remained faithful to this idea that the universe evolved from the static but unstable Einstein universe. 1967Handbk. Chem. & Physics (Chem. Rubber Co.) (ed. 48) F-69, Einstein theory for mass-energy equivalence, the equivalence of a quantity of mass m and a quantity of energy E by the formula E = mc2. The conversion factor c2 is the square of the velocity of light.
Add:[1.] b. A (usu. mathematical or scientific) genius comparable to Einstein. Also used iron.
1942O. Nash Good Intentions 292 Do you know Mr. Ganderdonk, he is no Einstein, he has no theories of Time and Space. 1944D. L. Champion in Dime Detective Feb. 22/2, I thought that over for a moment and felt like all the morons Allhoff had ever called me when Battersby, who was no Einstein, got it before me. 1946G. B. Shaw Geneva Pref. 24 In mathematics we have not only Newtons and Einsteins, but obscure illiterate ‘lightning calculators’. 1962E. Cleaver in A. Dundes Mother Wit (1973) 13/2 This Einstein had a more difficult, arduous and exacting quest. 1987Sports Illustr. 9 Nov. 96/2 The definition of an MVP is best left to basketball Einsteins.
2. Physics. (Usu. written einstein.) [a. G. Einstein (Bodenstein & Wagner 1929, in Zeitschr. für physik. Chem. B. III. 456).] A unit of light energy, equal to that contained in one mole of photons of a specified frequency.
1929Chem. Abstr. XXIII. 4408 By analogy with electrochemistry, a unit of 6.06 × 1023 quanta is to be called one ‘light equiv.’ or ‘einstein’ and is to be denoted by the letter E. 1935Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LVII. 445/1 The amounts of light used in these experiments were from 2 to 4 × 10-5 einsteins of λ 2537. 1956Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Industr. Ed.) Sept. 1491/1 The intensity of sunlight is taken as 2 cal./sq. cm. per minute or 4.7 × 10-7 einsteins/sq. cm. per second. 1965Seliger & McElroy Light v. 230 Thus a mole equivalent of blue light (an Einstein or 6.025 × 1023 quanta) at a wavelength of 450 mµ is equal to 64 kcal. 1971Nature 27 Aug. 648/1 Sporulation..is induced at the growing edge of..cultures of the imperfect fungus Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fries by minuscule quantities of blue light; the half maximum response is reached with 6.6 × 10-10 Einsteins/cm2 at 447 nm. |