| 释义 |
effloresce|ɛflɒˈrɛs|
[ad. L. efflōrescĕre, f. ex out + flōrescĕre to blossom, f. flōs, flōr-is a flower.]
1.
†a. To bloom, burst forth into flowers (obs.).
b. To burst forth into something resembling a flower.
c. To burst forth as a plant when flowering; const. into.
1775Sir E. Barry Observ. Wines 25 They will..begin to effloresce and shoot out into Flowers. 1807Vancouver Agric. Devon (1813) 432 Fungi germinate, effloresce, disseminate, and die, during the evolutions of the seasons. 1826Good Bk. Nat. (1834) II. 18 Zoophytes, or Plant-animals, so denominated from their efflorescing like plants. 1870Rolleston Anim. Life 144 Efflorescing into two or three coecal ampullæ.
2. Chem.
a. Of a crystalline substance: To change over the surface, or throughout, to ‘flowers’ or fine powder, owing to the loss of the water of crystallization on exposure to the air.
1788W. Nicholson tr. Fourcroy's Nat. Hist. & Chem. II. 305 Some salts..readily effloresce, and continue to fall in pieces, till the whole becomes a fine white powder. 1791Hamilton tr. Berthollet's Dyeing I. i. iii. i. 214 It effloresces, that is, it parts with its water of crystallization in the air, and assumes the appearance of flour. 1860H. W. Reveley in Jrnl. Soc. Arts VIII. 323/2 Tufo, a volcanic production, never effloresces.
b. Of a salt: To come (in solution) to the surface (of the ground, etc.) and there crystallize. Also, To form a crust (by capillary attraction and evaporation) on the sides of a vessel containing a solution.
1820T. Cromwell Excurs. Ireland vii. 61 The vitriolic particles..are seen to effloresce in various places. 1868Dana Min. (1880) 636 Mirabilite..effloresces with other salts on the limestone below the Genesee Falls.
c. Of the ground, a wall, etc.: To become covered with a powdery crust of saline particles left by evaporation from a solution which has been drawn to the surface by capillary attraction.
18..Dana (W.) The walls of limestone caverns sometimes effloresce with nitrate of lime.
3. fig.
a. (after 1) To ‘blossom out’, break out into brilliant display.
b. (after 2 c) Of hidden agencies, etc.: To come to the surface, become manifest.
1834Foster Pop. Ignorance Knowledge..has seemed at last beginning to effloresce through the surface of the ground. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. (1872) III. iii. i. 101 The secret courses of civic business..effervescing & efflorescing..as a concrete Phenomenon. 1864Sat. Rev. 31 Dec. 812/1 A disposition..to effloresce into extremely tall talk. 1865Pall Mall G. 13 Apr. 10 The man who effloresces in later life into the full-blown social science orator. |