| 释义 |
ˈecosystem Ecology.
[f. eco- as in ecology + system.]
(See quots.)
1935A. G. Tansley in Ecology XVI. 299 There is constant interchange..within each system, not only between the organisms but between the organic and the inorganic. These ecosystems, as we may call them, are of the most various kinds and sizes. They form one category of the multitudinous physical systems of the universe. Ibid. 306 The fundamental concept appropriate to the biome considered together with all the effective inorganic factors of its environment is the ecosystem, which is a particular category among the physical systems that make up the universe. 1939― Brit. Islands iii. x. 228 A unit of vegetation..includes not only the plants..but the animals habitually associated with them, and also all the physical and chemical components... Such a system may be called an ecosystem. 1952P. W. Richards Tropical Rain Forest v. 111 Certain animals..which play an important part in the rain-forest ecosystem. 1963New Scientist 28 Mar. 684/2 The unit of ecology is the ecosystem, which includes the plants and animals occurring together plus that part of their environment over which they have an influence.
Add: Hence ˌecosyˈstemic a.
1966S. Beer Decision & Control xiv. 354 This story..is a particular example of ecosystemic control. 1978M. C. F. Proctor in A. J. Richards Pollination of Flowers by Insects 105 (heading) Insect pollination syndromes in an evolutionary and ecosystemic context. 1990Educational Psychol. X. 302 From an ecosystemic viewpoint, human behaviour is the product of ongoing interaction between environmental influences and internal motivations. |