| 释义 |
sylvan, silvan, n. and a.|ˈsɪlvən|
Also 6 -ein, 6–7 -ane, (9 -ain).
[ad. F. sylvain (only n.; in Marot, 1539, silvans, sylvans pl.) or ad. L. silvānus, sylvānus (in early use only n. fem. pl. silvānæ goddesses of the woods), f. silva, sylva: see prec. and -an.
The Latin masc. adj. Silvanus was used as the proper name of a divinity of the fields and forests, identified with Pan, etc.; it has been occas. anglicized as Silvan, e.g. Milton Comus 268, Il Pens. 134.]
A. n. One who (or something that) inhabits a wood or forest; a being of the woods.
a. Mythol. An imaginary being supposed to haunt woods or groves; a deity or spirit of the woods.
1565Golding Ovid's Met. i. 222 Satyres, Faunes, and sundry Nymphes, with Silvanes eke beside. 1586L. Bryskett in Spenser's Astrophel, Aeglogue Sir P. Sidney 116 Ye Siluans, Fawnes, and Satyres, that emong These thickets oft haue daunst after his pipe. 1616Drummond of Hawthornden Poems (S.T.S.) I. 39 Goate-feete Syluans. 1675Shadwell Psyche i, Then an Entry danc'd by four Sylvans, and four Dryads, to rustick Musick. a1758Ramsay Yellow haird Laddie ii, Silvans and Fairies unseen danc'd around. 1831Scott Ct. Rob. xvi, The ancient belief in the god Pan, with his sylvans and satyrs. 1845Disraeli Sybil ii. i, Ionic columns of black oak, with a profusion of fruits and flowers, and heads of stags and sylvans.
b. A person dwelling in a wood, or in a woodland region; a forester; a rustic.
1589Puttenham Engl. Poesie i. xv. (Arb.) 49 The Satyre was pronounced by rusticall and naked Syluanes speaking out of a bush. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 146 Daily disturbance from these Sylvans and Mountaineers. 1703Pope Vertumnus 20 Her private orchards, wall'd on ev'ry side, To lawless sylvans all access deny'd. 1824Scott St. Ronan's xxv, They [sc. two girls] were encountered by a country fellow..up came cousin Francis.., and soon put the silvan to flight.
c. An animal, esp. a bird, living in or frequenting the woods.
1612Drayton Poly-olb. xiii. 44 Hunts-up to the Morn the feath'red Sylvans sing. 1613–16W. Browne Brit. Past. ii. iii. 891 A little grove..Where every morne a quire of Silvans sung. 1831J. Wilson in Blackw. Mag. XXIX. 291 Shyest of the winged silvans, the cushat. 1831Scott Ct. Rob. xvi, The sylvan [an orang-outang] looked fixedly upon Count Robert, almost as if he understood the language used to him.
d. ? A forest tree, shrub, etc. rare.
1632Lithgow Trav. x. 498 Clydes fragrant fields,..Bedeckt with Siluans. 1787Generous Attachment II. 97 The verdant sylvans.
B. adj.
1. Belonging, pertaining, or relating to, situated or performed in, associated with, or characteristic of, a wood or woods. (In earliest use of deities or nymphs: see A.)
1580–3Greene Mamillia ii. Wks. (Grosart) II. 283 The Syluein Nimph Oenone. a1586Sidney Arcadia ii. iv. (1912) 172 A goodly white marble stone, that should seeme had bene dedicated in ancient time to the Silvan gods. 1638Cowley Love's Riddle i. i, May all the Sylvan Deityes Bee still propitious to you. 1697Dryden æneid ix. 549 If e're my Pious Father, for my sake, Did grateful Off'rings on thy Altars make; Or I increas'd them with my Silvan toils. 1741Shenstone Judgem. Hercules 57 The silvan choir, whose numbers sweetly flow'd. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 66 ⁋9, I once knew a man..who..found himself irresistibly determined to sylvan honors;..he..spent whole days in the woods, pursuing game. 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. ii, Good hawk and hound for sylvan sport. 1821― Kenilw. xxxiv, Elizabeth's silvan dress..was of a pale blue silk. 1831― Ct. Rob. xxvii, A sylvan man, or native of the woods [an orang-outang]. 1847L. Hunt Jar Honey viii. (1848) 104 The Italians identify the pastoral with the sylvan drama. 1885R. Buchanan Annan Water viii, Deep sylvan silence.
b. Of woods as a subject of cultivation or observation. rare.
1830J. G. Strutt Sylva Brit. 42 These would form a volume in themselves, a Sylvan Chronicle of times past. 1834Tait's Mag. I. 665/1 The new system of silvan-culture introduced by Violaines, for the regeneration of the Royal forests.
2. Consisting of or formed by woods or trees.
1594Nashe Unfort. Trav. Wks. (Grosart) V. 120 As many sortes of shrill breasted birdes as the Summer hath allowed for singing men in hir siluane chappels. 1615Chapman Odyssey xix. 599 Steepe Parnassus, on whose forehead grow All syluan off-springs round. 1667Milton P.L. v. 377 So to the Silvan Lodge, They came. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. vi. 15 And all the Silvan reign shall sing of thee. 1784Cowper Task i. 588 The houseless rovers of the sylvan world. a1822Shelley Fragm. Unfinished Drama 225 The pillared stems Of the dark sylvan temple. 1857Livingstone Trav. xii. 212 The islands at a little distance seem great rounded masses of sylvan vegetation.
3. Furnished with, abounding in, or having as its chief feature, woods or trees; wooded, woody.
1667Milton P.L. iv. 140 Cedar, and Pine, and Firr, and branching Palm A Silvan Scene. 1697Dryden æneid xi. 874 To share with me The Silvan Shades. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xxxiv, All the charms of sylvan and pastoral landscape. 1798Wordsw. Tintern Abbey 56 How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee, O sylvan Wye! thou wanderer thro' the woods! 1814Scott Wav. xxii, The glen widened into a silvan amphitheatre. 1870Edgar Runnymede 23 The towns assumed a sylvan aspect, and the churches were converted into leafy tabernacles. 1880Disraeli in Daily News 27 Mar. 6/5 Sylvan scenery never palls. 1883Stevenson Silverado Sq. 60 The whole neighbourhood..now so quiet and sylvan, was once alive with mining camps.
Hence sylˈvanity |sɪl-|, sylvan quality or character; ˈsylvanize v. trans., to render sylvan; ˈsylvanly adv., in a sylvan manner or style; ˈsylvanry, sylvan scenery.
1832J. Wilson in Blackw. Mag. XXXII. 852 Manners..full of rurality, or *silvanity, or urbanity. 1907Times 1 July 7/4 Mr. Knight's ‘Sylvanus Urban’..combined the urbanity of a true man of letters with the sylvanity (if it may be called so) of a Yorkshireman.
1835Blackw. Mag. XXXVII. 606 The winds..would..have called from their sleep of years the satyrs to *sylvanize the spot again.
1800Coleridge in Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) I. 318 Something very *sylvanly romantic. 1844Mrs. Browning Lost Bower xxiv, The wild hop..And the large-leaved columbine, Arch of door and window-mullion, did right sylvanly entwine.
1821New Monthly Mag. II 46 Perch'd upon a green and sunny hill, Gazing upon the *sylvanry below. 1901Pall Mall G. 29 May 1/3 You shall find..quite unsuspected sylvanry in..Kensington Gardens. |