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dynamometer
(daɪn-, dɪnəˈmɒmɪtə(r): see dyna-)
[ad. F. dynamomètre (in Lunier, Dict. des Sciences, 1805), f. dynamo- + Gr. µέτρ-ον measure.]
1. a. A name of instruments of various kinds for measuring the amount of energy exerted by an animal, or expended by a motor or other engine in its work, or by the action of any mechanical force.
1810Q. Rev. Aug. 59 Some experiments made..with a new instrument, invented by Regnier, which he calls a dynamometer, for the purpose of ascertaining the comparative strength which individuals are capable of exerting. 1823Mech. Mag. No. 14. 209 The Dynamometer of Regnier, which enables us to ascertain easily the comparative strength of men. 1862Lond. Rev. 23 Aug. 176 The draught-power of the engine was noted by a spiral spring dynamometer, capable of registering up to 8 tons. 1879Thomson & Tait Nat. Phil. I. i. 488 The name ‘dynamometer’, besides, appears to be badly formed from the Greek; and for designating an instrument for measurement of force, I would suggest that the name may with advantage be changed to dynamimeter. 1895Pritchard tr. Marey's Movement ix. 146 Dynamometers are constructed on the principle that an elastic body is distorted in proportion to the degree of force applied.
fig.1854Lowell Cambridge 30 Y. Ago Pr. Wks. 1890 I. 88 An accurate dynamometer of Willard's punch or Porter's flip. 1890B. L. Gildersleeve Ess. & Stud. 245 He saluted his wife as a moral dynamometer.
b. attrib., as dynamometer car, a railway vehicle with equipment for continuously measuring and recording the force exerted by the locomotive pulling it and other information about the running of the train.
1879Railroad Gaz. 30 May 298/2 Mr. F. M. Wilder..has during the past year been occupied..in perfecting a dynamometer car. Ibid. 298/3 The train consisted of 45 loaded cars, with a caboose and the dynamometer car. 1953W. W. Hay Railroad Engin. I. xi. 153 Many of the test data used in deriving drawbar pull, tonnage ratings, and other locomotive performance data are obtained with a dynamometer car.
2. An instrument for measuring the magnifying power of a telescope: also called dynameter.
1832Nat. Philos., Optic. Instr. iv. §18. 11 (U.K.S.) The magnifying power of telescopes may be ascertained..by means of a dynamometer. 1890G. F. Chambers Handbk. Astron. vii. i, Shifting the Dynamometer until the two internal edges exactly touch the circumference of the image.
Hence dynamoˈmetric, -ˈmetrical (also dynami-) a., of or pertaining to the measurement of force; dynaˈmometry, the measurement of force.
1837Ann. Electr., Magn. & Chem. I. 444 The mechanical effect..was estimated at half the force of a man. I shall apply it hereafter to an exact dynamometric apparatus. 1864Webster, Dynamometric, -al. 1868Duncan Ins. World Introd. 23 In order to measure the muscular strength of man, or of animals..many different dynamometric apparatuses have been invented, composed of springs, or systems of unequal levers. 1870Daily News 14 Nov., Thorough Test of Double Ploughs..To carry out the dynamometrical experiments. 1879Thomson & Tait Nat. Phil. I i. §437 If we..apply the proper amount of force at each end of the dynamimetric rope or chain. 1891Athenæum 7 Mar. 316/1 Further Contributions to Dynamometry. |