| 释义 |
dux|dʌks|
[a. L. dux; leader.]
1. A leader, chief; spec. the head pupil in a class or division in a school: chiefly in Scotland.
1808Scott Autobiog. in Lockhart Life i, Our class contained some very excellent scholars. The first Dux was James Buchan, who retained his honored place almost without a day's interval all the while we were at the high school. 1870Ramsay Remin. (ed. 18) p. xxix, ‘I'm second dux’..means in Scottish academical language second from the top of the class. 1876Grant Burgh Sch. Scotl. ii. v. 213 note, A gold medal [is given] to the dux of the [Aberdeen grammar] school.
2. Mus. The subject of a fugue (the ‘answer’ being called comes). Also, the subject of a canon; the leading voice or instrument in a fugue or canon.
1740J. Grassineau Mus. Dict. 68 Dux, in fugues is the first voice or instrument that begins, and serves as a guide to the other parts, which are called comes, or followers. a1819Busby in Pantologia, Dux, in music, the name formerly given to the leading voice or instrument in a fugue. 1838Penny Cycl. XI. 2 s.v. Fugue. 1880 Grove Dict. Mus., Dux, an early term for the first subject in a fugue—that which leads; the answer being the comes or companion. 1885G. B. Shaw in Mag. Music Nov. 178/3 Gounod often gives us a few pretty bars in canon, or a theme, with a bold skip or two at the beginning, introduced and answered in the rococo ‘dux and comes’ style. 1938Oxf. Compan. Mus. 135/1 The voice first entering with the melody in a canon is called Dux (‘leader’) or Antecedent.
Hence ˈduxship, the position of dux.
1845R. W. Hamilton Pop. Educ. viii. (ed. 2) 192 In Scotch schools very generally..Places are taken, tickets are given, and notices of the duxship are recorded. |