| 释义 |
duchy|ˈdʌtʃɪ|
Forms: 4–5 duche, -ee, 4–7 -ie, (5 dwche, -ie), 5–6 duchye, 6–8 dutchie, -y, 6– duchy.
[a. OF. ducheé, later duché, fem. (12th c. ducheté, duceé in Hatz.-Darm.), and later OF. duché masc. The former represents a L. type *ducitāt-em dukeship; the latter is = Pr. ducat, It. ducato, Sp. ducado:—late L. ducātus territory of a duke; f. L. dux, duc-em leader, duke.]
1. The territory ruled by a duke or duchess.
1382Wyclif Neh. v. 18 The ȝeris frutis of my duchie [Vulg. annonas ducatus mei] I soȝte not. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. iv. 245 A kyngdome oþer duche May nat be sold soþly. c1400Mandeville (1839) i. 7 He holdeth..of the reme of Roussye a gret partie, where-of he hath made a Duchee. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 291 The French king should clerely geve unto him all the Duchy of Guyan..And that king Edward..should freely holde and occupie the sayde Duchie. 1601R. Johnson Kingd. & Commw. (1603) 105 The Pope hath the cittie of Rome..the Dutchie of Spolet. 1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) IV. 157 The dutchy of Carniola. 1782Priestley Corrupt. Chr. I. iv. 396 Otho..had erected his duchy into a kingdom.
b. In Great Britain, applied to the dukedoms of Cornwall and Lancaster (the two earliest in England) vested in the Royal Family, and having certain courts of their own, in which respect they differ from ordinary peerage dukedoms.
1480Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxv. 229 Kyng edward made of the erledome of cornewayle a duchye. 1553, etc. Duchy of Lancashire [see chancellor 4]. 1645Sir R. Greenville in Clarendon Hist. Reb. ix. §104 The Revenue of his Dutchy of Cornwal. 1703Act 1 Anne Stat. i. c. 7 §5 Under the..seals of the duchy and county palatine of Lancaster. 1895Whitaker's Almanack 157 Duchy of Lancaster..Duchy of Cornwall. [With a List of Officers of the two Duchies.]
c. A district between London and Westminster forming the precincts of the Duchy House of Lancaster.
1626Crt. & Times Chas. I (1848) I. 154 St. Clement's parish, the Strand, the Duchy, with the Savoy, have caused a riot.
2. attrib.
a. generally, as duchy rights; † duchy-peerage, a dukedom.
b. spec. Of or relating to the duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster; as duchy land, duchy manor, duchy tenement (one held of the crown in either of these duchies); duchy-chamber, the court-room at Westminster of the duchy-court of Lancaster, held before the chancellor of the Duchy (see chancellor 4), or his deputy, having equitable jurisdiction over lands holden of the Crown in right of the duchy; duchy-house, the official London residence of the Chancellor of the Duchy.
1555Act 2 & 3 Phil. & Mary c. 20 §5 The Fermes Rentes Suytes and services..aunsweryd and paide in the Court of the Duchye Chambre at Westminster. 1607Duchy court [see chancellor n. 4]. 1609Crt. & Times Jas. I (1849) I. 100 The two chancellors of the exchequer and duchy keep residence here in town: of which the last hath been..driven from the duchy house to Lambeth by the plague. 1653E. Manlove Lead Mines 193 The Dutchie Court (if just cause be) May yield relief against those verdicts three. 1659Rushworth's Hist. Coll. I. 149 (Title of Act 21 Jas. I. c. 25) An Act for relief of Patentees, Tenants, and Farmers of Crown-Lands and Dutchy-Lands. 1672Leycester Hist. Antiq. ii. iv, The dutchy office at Gray's Inne in London. 1705Ibid. No. 4132/4 Exposed to Sale, a Dutchy Tenement..being parcel of the Dutchy Manour of Tremation, and part of the Ancient Dutchy of Cornwall. 1750Carte Hist. Eng. II. 445 To shew his title to the Dutchy-peerage of Bretagne. 1768Blackstone Comm. iii. vi, The court of the duchy chamber of Lancaster is another special jurisdiction. 1814Lysons Cornwall vii, The tenants of the duchy manors are either free tenants, or conventionary or customary tenants. |