| 释义 |
▪ I. swarmer1|ˈswɔːmə(r)|
[f. swarm v.1 + -er1.]
1. One of a number that swarm; one of a swarm (as of insects); in Biol. a swarm-spore; in Bacteriol., a swarmer cell.
1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. lii, ‘Oh, vermin!’ said Mr. Pecksniff. ‘Oh, bloodsuckers!..vermin and swarmers.’ 1872J. G. Murphy Comm. Lev. xi. 20 Winged creepers or swarmers are so called from their minuteness and their multitude. 1898H. M. Ward in Ann. Bot. XII. 301 The obvious suspicion arose that an intruding swarmer had got into my hanging-drop. 1900Nature 21 June 191/1 The beetles are late swarmers, appearing chiefly in July. 1964Bacteriol. Rev. XXVIII. 242/2 If the swarmer is to become a recognizable caulobacter cell, it must develop a stalk after cell division.
2. A bee-hive adapted for swarming, or from which a swarm is sent forth.
1855Poultry Chron. III. 300/1, I have found hives in which the combs ranged in the way most common, from front to back, indifferently swarmers or non-swarmers. 1883in Standard 15 Feb. 5/2 ‘Artificial swarmers’..have displaced the old fashioned ‘skep’.
3. swarmer cell Bacteriol., a flagellated motile cell produced by the stalked cell of certain species of stalked bacteria.
1950Biochimica & Biophysica Acta V. 41 A study was made of the flagellation of swarmer cells of Proteus vulgaris. 1976Jrnl. Bacteriol. CXXVIII. 456/1 The stalked cell [of Caulobacter crescentus] divides repeatedly to produce new swarmer cells, whereas the swarmer cell, which cannot divide, loses motility and develops into a stalked cell.
▪ II. † ˈswarmer2 Pyrotechny. Obs.
[ad. G. schwärmer or Du. zwermer, f. schwärmen, zwermen to rove, stray.]
A cracker or serpent.
1765R. Jones Fireworks iv. 149 Rockets which go under the denomination of swarmers, are those from two ounces downwards. 1799G. Smith Laboratory I. 7 Cases for Swarmers, or Rockets. |