| 释义 |
▪ I. † drunk, n.1 Obs.
Also 2–4 drunch, 4 drunc, (drung).
[OE. drync (:—*druŋki-z), corresp. to OHG. trunch, MHG. trunc, Ger. trunk, f. u- grade of driŋk-an to drink. The u in early ME. is ü = OE. y. The form drunk may have been assimilated to the verb.]
= drink n.
a800Corpus Gloss. 1008 Haustum, drync. c1175Lamb. Hom. 103 Gula..to deþe bringeð mid unmete drunche. a1225Ancr. R. 14 Of mete & of drunc & of oðer þinges þet falleð ðer abuten. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 97/171 Þat no man hire mete ne ȝaf ne drunch. c1325Song on Passion 38 in O.E. Misc. 198 Of bitter drunk he senden him a sonde.
▪ II. drunk, ppl. a. and n.2|drʌŋk|
Also 4–6 dronk(e.
[pa. pple. of drink v., of which the earlier form was drunken. Now, in standard Eng., almost exclusively in the predicate; in Sc. and north. dial. still attrib. ‘a drunk man’.]
A. ppl. a.
1. a. That has drunk intoxicating liquor to an extent which affects steady self-control; intoxicated, inebriated; overcome by alcoholic liquor. The degree of inebriation is expressed by various adjs. and advs., as beastly, blind, dead, half, etc. drunk and disorderly: the official form of a charge in police-court procedure (cf. disorderly a. 2 b); so quasi-n., a drunk and disorderly person; the offence of being drunk and disorderly; drunk and incapable: see incapable a. 5.
c1340Cursor M. 2021 (Trin.) Drunke [earlier texts drunken] he lay & slept bi his one. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 72 One counsailed to make hym gret chere tyl he were dronke. 1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 591/2 We ware wanton or sowe dronke. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iii. ii. 91 They doe not thinke they have made good cheere..except they be made beastly drunk. 1648Gage West Ind. xix. 144 If they can get any drink that will make them mad drunk..they never leave off, untill they bee mad and raging drunke. 1684Dryden Disappointment Prol. 59 The doughty bullies enter bloody drunk. 1830Carlyle For. Rev. & Cont. Misc. V. 1 Trodden into the kennels as a drunk mortal. 1855[see disorderly B. n.]. 1874Greenwood & Martin Magisterial & Police Guide 610 margin, Offences. Drunk and disorderly persons. 1887Sims Mary Jane's Mem. 45 She was blind drunk in the bar parlour. 1893T. Marriott Constable's Duty 76 Offence Defined... Every person who..is found to be drunk and disorderly. 1922Joyce Ulysses 602 Fined ten bob for a drunk and disorderly.
b. In various proverbial phrases and locutions.
c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 403 We faren as he þat dronke is as a Mous. A dronke man woot wel þat he hath an hous. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) 128 As dronke as a Ratte. 1562J. Heywood Prov. (1867) 23 He that kylth a man, whan he is dronke Shalbe hangd when he is sobre. 1622Massinger Virg. Mart. iii. iii, Be drunk as a beggar, he helps you home. 1669Dryden Wild Gallant ii. i, He had been acquainted with you these seven years drunk and sober. 1709Brit. Apollo II. Supernum. No. 8. 2/2 He's as Drunk as a Wheel-barrow. 1738Swift Pol. Convers. iii. Wks. 1778 X. 247 He came to us as drunk as David's sow. 1832E. Ind. Sketch Bk. I. 137 The man was as drunk as a fiddler. 1891Farmer Slang II. 333 Drunk as a lord.
c. Intoxicated or stupefied by opium, tobacco, etc.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iii. xi. 91 They have another order to make themselves drunk without wine, which is with their Opium. 1698A. Brand Emb. Muscovy to China 46 They..sucking the Tobacco smoak in greedily, swallow it down with the Water. For which reason..generally at..the first Pipe in the Morning, they fall down drunk and insensible.
d. fig. = Intoxicated.
1340Ayenb. 251 And makeþ him dronke of holy loue. 1602Marston Antonio's Rev. iv. i. Wks. 1856 I. 117 Most things that morally adhere to soules, Wholly exist in drunke opinion. 1605Shakes. Macb. i. vii. 35 Was the hope drunke Wherein you dress'd your selfe? 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 77 Drunk with secret Joy, Their young Succession all their Cares employ. 1874Green Short Hist. x. §4. 799 Napoleon was drunk with success.
†2. Of a thing: Drenched; saturated with as much moisture as it can take in or receive. Obs.
1382Wyclif Ps. lxiv. [lxv.] 10 Thou hast visitid the erthe, and maad it drunke. 1611Bible Deut. xxxii. 42, I will make mine arrows drunk [Coverdale dronken] with blood. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 479 The Fleece, when drunk with Tyrian Juice, Is dearly sold.
3. Of a thing: Unsteady, uneven or erratic in its course, as the thread of a screw; = drunken ppl. a. 5.
1884F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 170 A sure sign that the screw is not true, but ‘drunk’ as it is termed.
4. Comb., as drunk-blind, drunk-mad adjs.; also drunk-driving U.S. = drink-driving n.; hence drunk-driver; † drunk-wort, tobacco (obs.).
1633Massinger Guardian iv. ii, To be drunk-blind like moles in the wine-cellar.
1948Phi Delta Delta Mar. 223 The validity of evidence based upon blood tests for *drunk drivers is today the most controversial of all medico-legal problems. 1953N.Y. Times Mag. 29 Nov. 22/4 We don't want the boys picking up sick people, like diabetics, for instance, as drunk drivers. 1977Washington Post 1 Feb. c1/4 Maryland's new crackdown on speeders and drunk drivers..is called ‘Operation Yellow Jacket’. 1986Business Week 23 June 133/1 Judge Larry Dean Lamson..is pioneering the high-tech solution to keeping drunk drivers off the road.
1937Lit. Digest 30 Oct. 8/1 In view of the rise in accidents from this cause, we will concentrate on just one thing—drunk driving. 1953N.Y. Times Mag. 29 Nov. 22/3 One major reason for the paucity of convictions in drunk driving cases has been the wide range of interpretations placed upon the term ‘drunkenness’. 1959Newsweek 2 Mar. 20/1 A marine engineer..came up for trial on a drunk-driving charge. 1986N.Y. Times 30 June a18/2 The police complain, with reason, about wasting manpower in a hopeless pursuit of speeders while they shortchange drunk-driving patrols.
1722De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 147 He had..made himself..drunk-mad.
1617Minsheu Ductor, Drunke-woort, or Drunken-woort..Tabaco.
B. n.
1. (colloq.) A drinking-bout; a drunken fit or orgie; a state of drunkenness.
1779W. Smith Let. 8 June in 15th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. (1897) App. vi. 430 They [sc. American soldiers] call a month's pay, which is 53s. 4d. paper money, but three drunks. Rum, 30 dollars a gallon. 1839C. F. Briggs Adv. Harry Franco II. vii. 78, I have kept money enough to have a good drunk. 1846Spirit of Times 18 Apr. 92/2 In an hour after he put down two gallons more to get up the drunk. 1862Times 10 Apr., Both Houses immediately adjourned, and made preparations for a ‘general drunk’. 1879Howells L. Aroostook (1883) II. 44 When I come out of one of my drunks. 1893Capt. King Foes in Ambush 39 He could put up with an occasional drunk in a man who promised to make as good a trooper. a1909G. E. Evans Coll. Verse (1928) 266 Cows in various states of drunk were scattered all around. 1952M. Tripp Faith is Windsock iii. 55 ‘I went on a seven-day drunk.’ ‘Like muck you did.’ 1966H. Nielsen After Midnight (1967) xi. 135 She was sleeping off a drunk in the bedroom.
2. An intoxicated person; a case or charge of being drunk or intoxicated.
1852J. W. Carlyle Let. 18 Oct. (1949) xvi. 236 When I got up at my usual hour (six o'clock), I reeled about like ‘a drunk’ (as Mazzini would say). 1882Besant All Sorts vii. 61 Such a brave display of disorderly drunks. 1889Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 26 Apr. 1/6 To show the very large percentage of drunks among the commitments. 1891R. Kipling City Dreadf. Nt. 30 The burly president of the lock-up for European drunks.
3. Special Comb. drunk tank N. Amer. slang, a large prison cell for the detention of drunks; cf. tank n.1
1947Drunk tank [see tank n.1 4]. 1976N. Thornburg Cutter & Bone xiii. 294 Bone's stay in the county jail lasted only four hours, most of which he spent in the drunk tank.
Hence † ˈdrunkhead = drunkenness. ˈdrunkify v., to make drunk or intoxicated. ˈdrunkish, ˈdrunky (dial.) adjs., somewhat drunk. † ˈdrunksome a., addicted to drunkenness.
1340Ayenb. 260 Ne y-charged of glotounie ne of dronkehede. c1400Apol. Loll. 37 Drunksum men, rauenors, fornicaters, & swilk oþer. 1664J. Wilson A. Comnenius ii. iv, Have ye any more that must be drunkified? 1710Fanatick Feast 11 The Company having plentifully dipt their Bills, and got pretty drunkish. 1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. (1865) II. v. i. 58 Drinks diligently..not till he is drunk, but only perceptibly drunkish. 1863Tyneside Songs 63 The Fishermen then gat drunkey, O!
▪ III. † drunk, v. Obs.
[f. drunk pa. pple. of drink v.: cf. drunken v.1]
1. trans. To drown. Cf. drunken v.1 2.
c1350Will. Palerne 3516 Hire sone was in þe see dronked.
2. To saturate or fill with drink, to drench, to make drunken. Cf. drunken v.1 3.
1382Wyclif Isa. xliii. 24 With the talȝ of thi victorie sacrifises thou inwardly drunkedest not me [1388 thou fillidist not me, Vulg. non inebriasti me]. ― Ecclus. xxxii. 17 Blisse thou the Lord, that made thee, and inwardli drunkinge thee of alle his goodis. Ibid. xxxix. 28 The vnyuersel flod drunkede [1388 fillide greteli, Vulg. inebriavit] the erthe. |