| 释义 |
▪ I. drug, n.1|drʌg|
Forms: (pl.) (4 dragges), 4–6 drogges, drouges, 6 drougges, Sc. droggis, drogis, droigis, 6–7 drugges, 7 drogues, drougs, 8 druggs, 8–9 Sc. drogs, 7– drugs; (sing.) 6–7 drugge, 7 drogue, 7– drug.
[ME. a. F. drogue (14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.) a Com. Rom. word (Pr. drogua, Sp., It. droga): ulterior origin uncertain.
The suggestion of Diez, that the source is Du. droog, MDu. droge, drooch, Kilian droogh ‘dry’, is doubted by Kluge and Franck. In 14–15th c. there is scribal confusion in Eng. MSS. between drogge and dragge = dredge n.2]
1. a. An original, simple, medicinal substance, organic or inorganic, whether used by itself in its natural condition or prepared by art, or as an ingredient in a medicine or medicament. Formerly used more widely to include all ingredients used in chemistry, pharmacy, dyeing, and the arts generally, as still in French. In early use always in the pl.: cf. spices. (So in Fr.)
[1327Close Roll, 1 Edw. III, i. mem. 23 Novem balas de drogges de spicerie.] 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xx. 173 And dryuen awey deth with dyas and dragges [v.r. drogges; C. xxiii. 174 drogges, v.rr. drouges, dragges]. c1386Chaucer Prol. 428 Apothecaries To sende him drogges [3 MSS. drugges, Harl. dragges]. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. xix. 614 By cause of stronge drouges [(1495) printed dreuges]. 1513Douglas æneis xii. Prol. 144 Hailsum of smell as ony spicery, Tryakle, droggis, or electuary. 1533Elyot Cast. Helthe ii. viii. (1539) 22 b, The traffyke of spyce and sondry drouges. 1555Eden Decades 239 Apothecaries drugges. 1563Winȝet Wks. (1890) II. 12 An apothecaris buyth ful of al kynd of droigis, bayth of delicat spycerie and of rady poysoun. 1577Harrison England ii. xx. (1877) i. 327 Our continuall desire of strange drugs. 1611Coryat Crudities 262 All the women of Venice..vse to annoint their haire with oyle, or some other drugs. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. 3 Men talke of Catholicon the drugge that it is in stead of all purges. 1648Gage West Ind. xvii. 113 Much Cacao, Achiotte, and drugs for Chocolatte..also Apothecary drugs, as Zarzaparilla. 1682Lond. Gaz. No. 1750/4 Tea and other Drugs at reasonable rates. a1704T. Brown Sat. Quack Wks. 1730 I. 63 Thy druggs alone the fatal work had done. 1727–51Chambers Cycl., Drug, in commerce, a general name for all spices, and other commodities, brought from distant countries, and used in the business of medicine, dying, and the mechanic arts. 1776Adam Smith W.N. i. xi. (1869) I. 215 Tea..was a drug very little used in Europe before the middle of the last century. 1842Tennyson Two Voices 56 What drug can make A wither'd palsy cease to shake?
b. spec. Now often applied without qualification to narcotics, opiates, hallucinogens, etc., esp. attrib. and Comb., as drug-abuse, drug-addict, drug-addiction, drug-dependence, drug-evil, drug-fiend (fiend 4 c), drug-habit, drug-peddler, drug-peddling, drug-pusher, drug-pushing, drug-taker, drug-taking, drug-traffic.
1883W. Black Yolande II. xiv. 255 One of the results of using..those poisonous drugs, is that the will entirely goes. 1899Chemist & Druggist LV. 1010/2 Defendant entered the house to be cured of the habit of taking drugs, and it was alleged that he had absented himself without leave, and obtained cocaine for injection. 1902Daily Chron. 7 Nov. 5/6 Two remedies to the drug-evil were suggested by the Bishop of Kensington. 1905Ibid. 2 May 5/7 The drug-taking Chilcote. 1906R. Brooke Let. 3 Apr. (1968) 48, I have to read stealthily.., a practice akin to that of secret drug-taking. 1907Daily Chron. 3 Sept. 7/7 A drug-taker appropriated a bottle of drugs from a Brighton chemist's shop. 1907Chemist & Druggist LXX. 107/2 The drug habit. Mrs. Florence Iggulden..died last week from morphine-poisoning. 1916Ibid. LXXXVIII. 19/1 Narcotic drug traffic. 1916N.Y. Evening Post 7 Jan., The Drug Addict, the Physician, and the Law. 1917Amer. Review of Reviews LVI. 435 (title) Drug Addiction and the Harrison Law. 1920[see addict n.]. 1922C. E. Montague Disenchantment xv. 199 Drunkards, thieves, liars, sorners, drug-takers. 1925H. G. Wells Christina Alberta's Father i. vi. 156 Artists' models and drug-fiends. 1930‘E. Queen’ French Powder Mystery xxxviii. 313 A gang of drug-peddlers operating..in this city. 1945R. Knox God & Atom ix. 127 If religion, as Lenin said, is the opium of the people, he himself has done his best to make drug-fiends of us all. 1949E. Partridge in Good Housekeeping June 13/1 Some years ago, the League of Nations instituted an inquiry into the drug-traffic. 1959‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene 293 Entertainment, petty crime, prostitution, drug-pushing and the like. 1966New Scientist 29 Dec. 713/1 The idea of an evil shadowy figure corrupting our youth by ‘pushing’ drugs is largely nonsense. Ibid., It is generally accepted that the addict is a psychopath before taking up the drug. 1967E. & M. A. Radford No Reason for Murder xv. 105 How are we concerned? We've no case of drug peddling. 1967Observer 10 Sept. 17/7 Areas of..drug-pushers, prostitution and delinquency. 1968Listener 14 Nov. 639/1 Some drug dependences arise from medical causes, as with a diabetic who must have his insulin. 1970Times 28 May 7/5 Pot-smoking is widespread in spite of dire warnings about the dangers of ‘drug abuse’ repeatedly broadcast by the armed forces radio. 1971Time 7 June 54/3 The dream that drugs are a short cut to truth and beauty.
2. A commodity which is no longer in demand, and so has lost its value or become unsaleable. (Now usually a drug in (now freq. on) the market.) Also transf.[It is questionable if this is the same word. Quot. 1760 implies it; but it may possibly be only a witty play on the word: see also Fuller's contrast of drugs and dainties.] a1661Fuller Worthies iv. (1662) 54 [He] made such a vent for Welsh Cottons, that what he found Drugs at home, he left Dainties beyond Sea. 1671Narborough Jrnl. in Acc. Sev. Late Voy. i. (1711) 151 We might send our English Cloth, which now is grown a Drug. 1673Temple Ess. Irel. Wks. 1731 I. 116 Horses in Ireland are a Drug, but might be improved to a Commodity. 1704J. Logan in Pa. Hist. Soc. Mem. IX. 278 Wheat..bears no price, and bread and flour is a very drug. 1719De Foe Crusoe i. iv, I smil'd to my self at the Sight of this Money. O Drug! said I aloud, what art thou good for? 1760Murphy Way to Keep Him 1, A wife's a drug now; mere tar-water, with every virtue under heaven, but nobody takes it. 1824W. Irving T. Trav. I. 211 They told me poetry was a mere drug; every body wrote poetry. 1833Knickerbocker Mar. 157 Lace veils are a drug in the market. 1840Hood Up Rhine 163 Quite a drug in the market. 1893Funk's Stand. Dict. s.v., A drug on (or in) the market. 1921Galsworthy To Let i. i. 10 Well, they wouldn't confiscate his pictures, for they wouldn't know their worth. But what would they be worth, if these maniacs once began to milk capital? A drug on the market. 1922Joyce Ulysses 192 Genius would be a drug in the market. 1944W. S. Maugham Razor's Edge iv. 125 He can't bear his feeling of being a drug on the market.
3. Comb., as drug-compounder, drug-counter, drug-grinder, drug-house, drug-jar, drug-mill, drug-pot, drug-seller, drug-shop, drug-store, drug-vase, etc.; drug clerk U.S., an attendant in a drug-store; drug culture, the subculture (sense 2) associated with and peopled by users of illegal drugs; drug-fast a. [fast a. 1 h] = drug-resistant adj.; so drug-fastness; drug-induced a., (of a mental or physical condition) brought about by the taking of a drug or drugs; drugman, a man who deals in drugs, an apothecary; drug-resistant a., resisting the effects of a drug or drugs; so drug-resistance, drug-resisting adj.; drug(s) squad, a division of a police force appointed to investigate crimes involving the taking of or trafficking in illegal narcotic and other drugs; cf. narcotic(s) squad s.v. narcotic n.2
1849Whig Almanac 1850 25/1 A drug clerk at $1,000. a1910‘O. Henry’ Rolling Stones (1916) 102 The drug clerk looks sharply at the white face half concealed by the high-turned overcoat collar.
1842Abdy Water Cure (1843) 162 The drug-compounder and the plaster-spreader.
1959Listener 30 July 173/1 Flaubert's drug-counters and the inexhaustible inventories of Zola.
[1968W. Surface Poisoned Ivy 213 The drug phenomenon has produced a drug-oriented culture on the nation's campuses.] 1969Sunday Mail Mag. (Brisbane) 22 June 11/3 The phrase ‘turn on’ comes from the ‘drug culture’. 1982Amer. Speech IV. 271 A large number of terms and meanings related to the drug culture have found their way into the general dictionaries.
1611Shakes. Cymb. iii. iv. 15 That Drug-damn'd Italy, hath out-craftied him.
1926Jrnl. Infectious Dis. XXXIX. 243 The fact that bacteria become tolerant or drug fast to various germicides in vitro immediately leads to the question of specificity. Ibid., Thirty drug fast strains were tested. Ibid. 237 (title) Drug-fastness in its relation to the resistance of certain organisms toward familiar germicides. 1945Trans. Faraday Soc. XLI. 363 In the case of phenol itself and of several substituted phenols, little or no adaptation or drug-fastness is in fact apparent.
1886Pall Mall G. 20 Apr. 8/1 Messrs. Jordan and Co., Drug grinders.
1865Dickens Mut. Fr. i. iv, Clerk in the drug-house.
1952Practitioner Mar. 235 (heading) Drug-induced blood disease. 1970R. C. Zaehner Concordant Discord iii. 41 Foolhardy enough to deny the identity of drug-induced ecstasies with the more controlled raptures of the orthodox mystical traditions. 1973[see iatrogenic a.]. 1983Oxf. Textbk. Med. II. xxi. 120 No more needs to be said about drug-induced tremor or Parkinsonism.
1931G. E. Howard (title) Early English drug jars. 1960H. Hayward Antique Coll. 102/1 Drug jar, pot or jar intended for use on apothecaries shelves. 1961Antiquaries Jrnl. XLI. 9 (caption) Drug-jar with inscription from Winchester.
a1810Tannahill Poems (1846) 87 Mak'st..drugmen brew the poisoning dose.
1903R. L. Hobson Catal. Eng. Pott. in Brit. Mus. 137 English Delft Ware..Drug Pot, barrel-shaped. 1910J. F. Blacker ABC of collecting Old Eng. Pott. x. 78 Zachariah Barnes..was noted as the maker of wall-tiles and druggists' jars, or drug-pots.
1932Brit. Med. Jrnl. II. 668/1 (title) Drug resistance, with special reference to trypanosomiasis. Ibid., The practical significance of the capacity of trypanosomal infections to become drug-resistant, or drug-fast, for the treatment of the infections in man..was at once recognized. 1961Lancet 5 Aug. 309/2 Few new drug-resistant cases will appear. Ibid. 310/1 Drug resistance is already a significant problem in many areas.
1951Koestler Age of Longing 242 Developing new and better drug-resisting strains.
1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. i. 698 Apothecarie, drug-seller and such like.
1962Drug squad [see squad n.1 4 c]. 1967Times 15 Nov. 3/3 Recent successful raids by Scotland Yard drugs squad men. 1976Eastern Daily Press (Norwich) 16 Dec. 3/3 The alleged ‘Mr. Big’ of a Suffolk drugs ring was arrested by Suffolk Drug Squad. 1985Daily Tel. 9 Sept. 3/5 (heading) Drugs squad ‘needs 214 men, not 38’.
1933Burlington Mag. Mar. 108/1 South Kensington has recently acquired a drug vase.
Hence ˈdrugful a., full of drugs, having plenty of drugs; ˈdrugless a., without drugs.
1877Blackie Wise Men 150 That so the drugful leech Might profit me the more. 1880Browning Dram. Idylls Ser. ii. Doctor — 99 Whether drugged or left Drugless, the patient always lived, nor died.
Add:[1.] [b.] drug-related a.
1965Federal Reporter (U.S.) CCCXLVII. 494/1 The jury..could have found a causal relationship between appellant's *drug-related abnormality and the criminal behavior charged. 1985Listener 30 May 38/2 An eight-year-old Amish boy..witnesses a bloody drug-related murder in the men's room of a Philadelphia train station.
▸ drug of choice n. a pharmaceutical drug preferred to others in the management of a particular condition; (also) the illicit or recreational drug most favoured by an individual or group, or most in vogue at a particular time; also fig.
1897Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 113540 The rapidly appearing effects of its administration, together with its regular elimination, makes it the drug of choice when the symptoms are urgent. 1925A. Lambert in W. Osler Mod. Med. (ed. 3) II. 746 Heroin..obliterates all controlling influences of the herd instinct. Heroin, under these circumstances, is naturally the drug of choice of the criminal class. 1944Science 28 Jan. 71/2 For routine treatment of amebic colitis,..carbasone, chiniofon and diodoquin constitute the present-day drugs of choice. 1996China Post (Taipei, Taiwan) 1 May 3/6 He was a skirt-chaser and a habitual liar. The problem was that women were his drug of choice. 2007N.Y. Mag. 8 Jan. 26/2 Adderall XR was my drug of choice. It turbocharged my brain during the school day.
▸ drug baron n. (a) a wealthy or influential person in the pharmaceutical industry (now rare); (b) a person who controls an organization trading in illegal drugs, esp. one who heads an extensive network involved in production, trafficking, and dealing.
1914E. Peple & L. Lauferty Pair of Sixes xii. 192 The President of the Northwestern Drug Company was..the greatest *drug baron of the Middle West. 1917Washington Post 15 Apr. (Mag. section) 4/2 Internal revenue officers..admit that they are baffled in their efforts to unmask the drug barons in the inner shrine of the dope hierarchy. 1933Times 21 Mar. 13/5 A chapter entitled ‘The Drug Barons of Europe’..gives an account of one of the most important groups of international drug traffickers in the world. 1977Washington Post (Nexis) 12 June d7 The film stars..Lou Gossett as the Bermudian drug baron. 2001Independent 6 Mar. i. 4/7 Up to $650m a year could be confiscated from suspected crime bosses and drug barons under proposals for laws to tackle gangsters who manage to evade criminal prosecution.
▸ drug bust n. colloq. (orig. U.S.) an apprehension or punishment for illegal drug use; (also) a raid carried out by a law-enforcement agency in connection with the suspected possession of illegal drugs; a seizure of illegal drugs.
1965C. Brown Manchild in Promised Land vii. 183 If there wasn't so much time on a *drug bust, I suppose a lot of other people would've gotten into it. 1968N.Y. Times 11 June 51/3 Drug busts have happened here this week... Police are up tight so please keep cool. 1979R. W. Larkin Suburban Youth in Cultural Crisis iv. 98 There is a conspiracy of silence about drugs and sex. Yet, every so often, a drug bust, pregnancy, [etc.]..will provoke a confrontation. 1984Economist (Nexis) 1 Dec. 44 Before this drug bust, which was the biggest anywhere ever, Mexico's marijuana exports were reckoned at 1,300 tons a year. 1995V.I. Pride Feb. 23/1 He was involved with numerous drug busts in the territory through his work with Customs. 2002Sydney Morning Herald 23 Mar. (News Review section) 35/6 The world has yet to hear the explanations for the recent drug busts of the three Winter Olympic medallists..who were caught taking the latest variation of a blood booster, darbepoetin.
▸ drug-buster n. colloq. (orig. U.S.) a person who works to deter, uncover, or punish illegal drug use, esp. a member of a police drug squad.
1972Daily Rev. (Hayward, Calif.) 5 May 8/1 A new state and federal government attack on heroin trafficking in the Bay Area has been launched with a veteran U.S. Attorney's office *drug buster at the helm. 1986Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 20 July 5/4 Queensland's top drug-buster, Detective Inspector Len Cooke.., is a man of few words. 19998 Days 4 Dec. (TV Guide section) 13/2 A drug-buster refuses to accept bribes from triads and government officials alike. 2004BusinessWeek 14 June 82 (heading) Can drug-busters beat new steroids? It's scientist vs. scientist as the Athens Olympics approach.
▸ drug dealer n. (a) a person who sells medicinal drugs (now rare); (b) a person who sells illegal drugs (cf. dealer n. Additions).
1800Times 5 Nov. 2 Rd. Matson, Aldgate, tavern-keeper and *drug-dealer. 1872N.Y. Times 13 Feb. 4/6 The enterprising drug-dealer will next cover every inch of rock surface with gigantic invitations to the general public to purchase remedies for all possible diseases. 1917Oakland (Calif.) Tribune (Electronic text) 19 May The principal wholesale drug dealer of Oakland has been captured and the main plant of illegal drugs broken up. 1937Mich. Law Rev. 37 13 A drug dealer labeled beladonna [sic] as extract of dandelion and a retail druggist sold it to the plaintiff as such. 2004A. Vona Bad Girl 61 He sounded like the smarmy drug dealer on an after-school special.
▸ drug-driving n. chiefly Brit. the action or offence of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while under the influence of drugs; freq. attrib.; cf. drink-driving n. a.
1957Raleigh (Beckley, W. Va.) Reg. 20 June 8/1 (heading) *Drug driving. 2002Observer 2 June i. 12/7 New research shows that drug-driving has increased six-fold in the past decade, with almost one in five people killed on the roads showing traces of drugs in their system.
▸ drugs baron n. chiefly Brit. = drug baron n. at Additions.
1974Far Eastern Econ. Rev. 27 Sept. 22/2 The *drugs barons have long tentacles. They reach into the poppy-growing areas of Thailand, Burma, and Laos for the materials—raw opium and morphine base. 1985Record (Bergen County, New Jersey) 7 Apr. a22/2 It appears that the drugs barons are looking increasingly to Western Europe to take up the slack. 2004J. Mansell One you really Want xxi. 116 If you heard a drugs baron complaining that he couldn′t get anyone to smuggle a load of coke through customs, you′d say, ‘Oh hen, that's no problem, I can do that for you.’
▸ drug test n. a test performed to detect the presence or analyse the effect of a particular drug; (now chiefly) a test performed on blood or urine to determine the presence or absence of prohibited or illegal drugs, and used (esp. in Sport) to identify competitors using performance-enhancing drugs such as steroids.
1863J. F. Gray Early Ann. Homœopathy in N.Y. 6 There came to his assistance several members of the profession..whom joined in the *drug tests and nobly seconded and enriched his imperishable records. 1892Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 12 Aug. 1/7 Following the drug test they were given prescriptions to read and the examination ended. 1930H. L. Hollingworth Abnormal Psychol. xxv. 556 Even if subjects could first be brought to a physiological limit before beginning the drug tests, the situation would not be entirely satisfactory. 1968Sports Illustr. 4 Nov. 23/2 The drug test that often kept swimmers waiting for hours backstage, guarded by medical authorities waiting for them to calm down enough to provide a urine sample. 2001B. Ehrenreich Nickel & Dimed (2002) 211 The indignities imposed on so many low-wage workers—the drug tests, the constant surveillance, being ‘reamed out’ by managers—are part of what keeps wages low.
▸ drug testing n. and adj. (a) adj.that performs tests to detect the presence or analyse the effect of particular drugs; (b) n.the action or practice of performing drug tests.
1841R. E. Grant On Present State of Med. Profession in Engl. 88 The proud Philarcus dies, the puppet and the jest of a worthless, weaver-examining, *drug-testing corporation. 1885C. Wesselhoeft Lect. on Homoeopathy 41 Having had considerable personal experience in drug testing or proving. 1902Med. News 1 Nov. 831/1 We can certainly expect better drugs on the average from large manufacturers who have the pick of the drug-market,..and with complete apparatus for drug-testing. 1968Internat. Olympic Comm. Newslet. July 279 There is an urgent need for rapid, precise laboratory methods for carrying out drug testing in athletes. 1979Washington Post (Nexis) 1 June d1 The organizing committee..for the 1980 Summer Games recently purchased $900,00 of sophisticated equipment..to supplement that already installed in their drug-testing laboratories in Moscow. 2002Time 8 July 34/2 Supreme Court ruling that random drug testing of students involved in extracurricular activities is constitutional.
▪ II. drug, n.2
[Allied to drug v.1; cf. also drag n.]
1. A low truck for the carriage of timber and other heavy articles; cf. drag n. 1 c and d.
1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. (1703) 125 The Drug..is made somewhat like a low narrow Carr. It is used for the carriage of Timber, and then is drawn..by two or more Men. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 355/2. 1787 W. Marshall East Norf. Gloss., Drug, a four-wheeled timber carriage. 1878in F. S. Williams Midl. Railw. 499 We managed that on a drug—a four wheeled timber wagon sort of thing.
2. A drag for a vehicle; = drag n. 3 c. dial.
1880in W. Cornwall Gloss.
3. Comb. † drug-carriage = sense 1; † drug-saw, a cross-cut saw: cf. drag-saw (drag n. 9).
1578Inv. Roy. Wardr. (1815) 255 (Jam.) Ane litle drug saw for wrichtis. 1665J. Webb Stone-Heng (1725) 214 In all likelihood, they were brought thither on Drug-Carriages. 17..Acc. Depredat. on Clan Campbell (1816) 53 (Jam.) Drug-saw, bow saw, and others.
▪ III. drug, n.3
var. of drogue.
▪ IV. † drug, v.1 Obs. exc. dial.
Also 3–6 drugge.
[Common from c 1500 in Sc.; also in mod.Eng. dialects. Of uncertain origin.
In Sc. and Eng. dial. use, app. a variant of drag v.; but the two ME. instances are earlier than any known examples of drag, and may have some different origin. One or both may possibly belong to drudge v., of which, also, drugge was an early spelling.]
To pull forcibly, to drag. (trans. and intr.)
[a1240Lofsong in Cott. Hom. 207 Bi his owune rode, on his softe schuldres, so herde druggunge. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 558 At the gate he profreth his seruyse To drugge [Camb. MS. drogge] and drawe what so men wol deuyse. ]1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxiii. 70 Evir the cuschettis at him tuggit, The rukis him rent, the ravynis him druggit. Ibid. lxi. 32, I am ane auld horss, as ȝe knaw That evir in duill dois drug and draw. 1513Douglas æneis ii. iv. 84 And for to drug and draw wald neuer irk. 1601? Marston Pasquil & Kath. i. 312 If all the Brewers jades in the Towne can drugge me from loue of my selfe. 1794T. Davis Agric. Wilts (1818) 258–68 Drugging timber, drawing [timber] out of the wood under a pair of wheels.
▪ V. drug, v.2|drʌg|
[f. drug n.1]
1. trans. To mix or adulterate (food or drink) with a drug, esp. a narcotic or poisonous drug.
1605Shakes. Macb. ii. ii. 7, I haue drugg'd their Possets, That Death and Nature doe contend about them. 1828Scott F. M. Perth xv, What would it have cost me..so to have drugged that balm, as should have made your arm rot? 1855Motley Dutch Rep. (1861) II. 263 Montigny's meat and drink, they said, should be daily drugged.
fig.1871R. Ellis Catullus xliv. 11 A speech of his, pure poison, every line deep-drugg'd.
2. a. To administer drugs to (a person), esp. for the purpose of stupefying or poisoning him. Also fig.
a1730Fenton To Knt. of Sable Shield (R.), Whom he has drugg'd to sure repose. 1791Cowper Odyss. ii. 434 Some baneful herb Which cast into our cup shall drug us all. 1883Law Rep. 11 Q. Bench Div. 598 No one had been drugged on the night when the house was broken into.
b. To administer something nauseous to; to nauseate.
1667Milton P.L. x. 567 Drugd as oft, With hatefullest disrelish. 1812Byron Ch. Har. i. vi, With pleasure drugg'd, he almost long'd for woe.
3. intr. To take or be in the habit of taking drugs; esp. to indulge in narcotics.
1893Funk's Stand. Dict. s.v., She has drugged all her life. 1968[see drugger 3].
Hence drugged ppl. a.; ˈdrugging vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1610B. Jonson Alch. ii. i, Past all the doses of your drugging doctors. 1871Tyndall Fragm. Sc. (1879) I. xxii. 504 The drugged soul is beyond the reach of reason. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 169 The physician's use of burning, cutting, drugging, and starving. a1880Geo. Eliot in Pall Mall G. (1885) 9 Feb., Brewers with their drugged ale.
▪ VI. drug, druggery, -ing
obs. ff. drudge, etc. |