| 释义 |
▪ I. drip, v.|drɪp|
Forms: 1 dryppan, 5–6 dryppe, 6 drippe, 6– drip, (Sc. 6–9 dreip, 8–9 dreep).
[OE. dryppan:—OTeut. *drupjan, from u-grade of ablaut-series *dreup-, draup-, drup-, OE. dréopan: see dreep v. Examples of dryppen are not known between the OE. period and the 15th c., and it is possible that the modern vb. is from Norse: cf. in same sense Da. dryppe.
An OE. dryppan seems established by the imperative drype in the Leechd. (5 times on p. 40); the other OE. instances in Bosw-Toller appear to belong to dríepan, drýpan, dripe. As to the relations of these, see the etymological note under drop n.]
1. trans. To let (a liquid) fall in drops; to let fall (drops; rarely other objects).
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 40 Drype on þæt eare þone ele. c1440Promp. Parv. 132/2 Dryppyn, or droppyn, stillo, gutto. 1552Huloet, Drippe, fundere guttas. 1606Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iv. ii. Magnificence 448 Nectar-deaws, which Heaven drips. 1634Heywood Witches Lanc. i. Wks. 1874 IV. 186 I'le dresse the dinner, though I drip my sweat. a1745Swift (J.), The lofty barn..Which from the thatch drips fast a shower of rain. 1830Tennyson Dirge iv, The woodbine and eglatere Drip sweeter dews than traitor's tear.
fig.1574tr. Marlorat's Apocalips 29 They bee called golden Candlestickes, bycause that they..do drippe into mens hartes, the most pure, plaine, and naturall vnderstanding of faith.
2. a. intr. Of a person or object: To have moisture or liquid falling off in drops; to be so copiously wet or saturated with as to shed drops.
1508Kennedie Flyting w. Dunbar 519 Thy dok of dirt dreipis. 1607W. S[mith] Puritan iv. (R.) He drips and drops poor man. 1700T. Brown tr. Fresny's Amusem. Ser. & Com. 46 Half Spent, and dripping from every Pore in his Body. 1816Scott Antiq. xxvi, Her lang hair dreeping wi' the salt water. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. viii. (1894) 173 Pine branches..dripping with moisture.
transf.1849Freeman Archit. 396 Every arch drips with foliations hanging free like lacework.
†b. absol. Falconry = drop v. 2 b. Obs. rare.
1696Phillips, Dripping [ed. 1706 dripping or dropping] in Faulconry, is when a Hawk muteth directly downward in several Drops.
3. intr. To fall in drops.
a1670Hacket Abp. Williams 166 (L.) The fat of the project dript insensibly away at a slow fire. 1676Cotton Walton's Angler i. xiii. (R.) Having roasted him enough,—let what was put into his belly, and what drips, be his sauce. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxiii. 161 The rain..came through the roof, and dripped from the ceiling.
transf. and fig.1891Spectator 21 Mar., The surplus population of Southern Europe..drips slowly into French Africa. 1894Hall Caine Manxman 262 The moonlight was dripping down on him through the leaves of the trees.
†4. intr. To slope, slant, dip. Obs.
1613–39,1740[see dripping vbl. n. 3]. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 26 Holding your Hammer in your Right-hand, hold the Edge..Dripping a-slope from the Right-hand outwards.
5. Naval slang. To complain, grumble.
1942Gen 1 Sept. 13/1 When she [sc. a Wren] grumbles she's guilty of ‘dripping’.
▪ II. drip, n.|drɪp|
[f. prec. vb.]
†1. A falling drop. Obs.
c1440Promp. Parv. 132/1 Dryppe or drope (P. drepe), gutta, stilla. 1552Huloet, Drippe or Droppe, gutta.
2. a. The act or fact of dripping or falling in drops. Also redupl. drip-drip. in a drip: in a dripping condition, saturated.
right of drip (Law): an easement which entitles the owner of a house to let the water from his eaves drip on his neighbour's land.
1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. vii. §1 (1681) 114 No Tree thriving under its drip. 1816Byron Ch. Har. iii. lxxxvi, On the ear Drops the light drip of the suspended oar. 1855Mrs. Gaskell North & S. ii, Listen to the drip-drip of the rain upon the leads. 1894Howells in Harper's Mag. Feb. 378 He's in such a drip of perspiration.
fig.1890Spectator 8 Feb., The tedium of sitting under a drip drip of perfunctory discussion.
b. Med. The continuous slow introduction of fluid into the body (esp. intravenously) involving its passage drop by drop through a chamber; also, the fluid so introduced or a device for this. Also attrib.
1933Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. CLXXXV. 701 The chill should be removed from the milk and the drip given continuously throughout the day and night. 1949Anesthesia & Analgesia XXVII. 57 The bottle containing the solution is attached to a Murphy drip setup, and the solution injected by the anesthetist. 1961Lancet 29 July 240/2 An intravenous normal saline drip was put up. 1968J. H. Burn Lect. Notes Pharmacol. (ed. 9) 3 Noradrenaline is sometimes given as an intravenous drip.
3. a. That which drips or falls in drops; pl. drippings.
1707–12Mortimer (J.), Water may be procured..from the heavens by preserving the drips of the houses. 1801C. Smith Solit. Wand. I. 110 But for the drip of the trees. 1866G. Macdonald Ann. Q. Neighb. xi. (1878) 227 The drip from the thatch of the mill. 1880V. L. Cameron Our Future Highway II. xii. 244 An awning..to keep the drips off.
b. fig. Nonsense; flattery; sentimental drivel. slang (orig. U.S.).
1919Wine, Women & War (1926) 306 Drool about duties by Navy egg, regular and hard boiled. Usual R.O.T.C. drip. 1924P. Marks Plastic Age xxiv. 297 That freshman, Larson, showed me a theme..that Kempton had corrected. It was full of errors that weren't marked, and it was nothing in the world but drip. 1946‘B. Gray’ Mr. Ball of Fire i. 10 ‘We'll have nothing of the sort,’ interrupted Joy, putting a welcome stop to this drip.
c. A stupid, feeble, or dull person; a fool; a bore. slang.
1932G. & S. Lorimer Men are like Street Cars v. 114 He's no drip... Ted's a darn good egg. 1936N. Marsh Death in Ecstasy xviii. 215 What about that little drip Claude? 1938J. Cary Castle Corner 279 Ah, ye dirty devil, and what sort of a drip are ye to be dropped in a medical hall. 1951I. Brown I break my Word 123 We now more often call a feeble, foolish creature a drip. 1951J. Cannan And all I Learned xi. 197 Of all the wet drips! 1959I. & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolch. xv. 326 Someone considered over-affectionate is said to be soppy, sloppy, gormless, a drip, or a clot.
d. slang. A grumble, complaint. (Cf. drip v. 5.)
1945‘Tackline’ Holiday Sailor v. 53 Some of you chaps, you're on the drip the whole bloomin' time. Nothing but moan, moan, moan. 1948‘N. Shute’ No Highway xii. 293 He had a bit of a drip last time because we kept him in the dark. 1970Guardian 20 Aug. 1/2 One of the accused, Able Seaman Edward Kirkbride, said he remembered someone saying: ‘I am going to have a drip (complaint).’
4. Arch.
a. A projecting ‘member’ of a cornice, etc., from which the rain-water drips and so is thrown off from the parts below.
b. An overlapping piece of lead-work; cf. drip-joint in 8.
1664Evelyn tr. Freart's Archit. 129 A Corona or drip to the Capitel, whereof it is the Plinth and Superior. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. II. 35/2 The mutules supporting the Drip. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 407 Drips on Flats or Gutters..are formed by dressing the joints of the lead as described for rolls. 1850T. Inkersley Romanesque Archit. 274 Whose principal arches..are covered with concentric drips.
†c. (See quot.) Obs.
1727–51Chambers Cycl., Drips is also used in building, for a kind of steps, on flat roofs, to walk upon. This way of building is much used in Italy, where the roof is not made quite flat, but a little raised in the middle; with Drips, or steps, lying a little inclining to the horizon. 1730–36Bailey (folio).
5. (See quot.)
1825Brockett N.C. Gloss., Drip, stalactites, or petrifactions.
6. Manuf. A receptacle for waste or overflow, as in refrigerators, etc.
1880J. Lomas Alkali Trade 43 Only by his drips and chamber caps can an acid maker know exactly what is going on in his chambers. Ibid. 55 The drips of the first chamber must be kept at about 135°.
7. Mining. See quot., and cf. drip v. 5.
1856S. C. Brees Terms Archit., etc., Drip (in mining), the angle or inclination of a stratum to the horizon.
8. attrib. and Comb., as drip-board, a board to carry off the drip; drip-cock, the tap of a ‘drip’ to receive condensed moisture; drip coffee, coffee prepared by allowing boiling water to percolate through ground coffee (cf. dripped ppl. a.); also drip coffee-pot, coffee-maker, a percolating coffee-pot; drip culture, a hydroponic method of plant culture in which the nutrient solutions are supplied automatically by a drip-feed mechanism; drip-cup, a cup-shaped vessel to catch droppings of liquid; drip-feed, a method of feeding, lubrication, etc., whereby liquid is supplied a drop at a time; freq. attrib.; drip-joint (see quot.); drip mat, a small mat placed under a glass, cup, etc., to catch drips; drip-moulding = dripstone; drip painting, a method of painting by which the colour is dripped on to the canvas or other medium (not applied directly with brush or palette knife); also, a painting so produced; drip-pan, a pan to catch drops of liquid; drip-pipe (see quot.); drip-point Bot. = drip-tip; drip-proof a., protected from drips; drip-pump, a plumbers' pump for removing water from gas-pipes, etc.; drip-shot (see quot.); drip-stick, in stone-sawing, a stick along which water is slowly led to the stone, to keep the kerf wet; = dripping-board; drip-tip Bot. (see quots.); drip-tray = drip-pan. Also dripstone.
1890R. Kipling Phant. Rickshaw 44 Over the mouth a wooden *drip-board projected.
1865Gesner Coal, Petrol., etc. (ed. 2) 85 The *drip-cock carries off the condensed steam.
1895G. A. Sala Life II. 382 The renowned ‘*drip’ coffee..is so strong that it is said to stain the saucer into which it is poured. 1897Outing (U.S.) XXIX. 574/1 He..produced a jar of coffee and the *drip coffee-pot. 1964Which? Feb. 53/1 With most of the *drip coffee makers..a major disadvantage was the time it took to pour the boiling water through the ground coffee.
1923Amer. Jrnl. Bot. X. 559 The relative dry-weight values of the plants grown in the *drip cultures are in every instance much superior to the corresponding values for the simple cultures. 1952C. E. Ticquet Successful Gardening without Soil 176/1 Drip culture.
1886W. A. Harris Dict. Fire Ins., *Drip-cups..provided to catch falling oil from bearings, and other lubricated portions of machinery.
1907Westm. Gaz. 18 Nov. 6/3 The neat four-sight *drip-feed lubricator. Ibid. 27 Dec. 4/2 No adjustment of the drip-feed points is necessary, as the pumps send a continuous stream of oil to the various parts. 1916Motor Cyclists' A.B.C. 115 Lubrication (Automatic Drip Feed). 1964Which? Jan. 13/1 There were 14 drip-feed heaters—the paraffin flowed to the burner from an inverted fuel container. 1971Manch. Guardian Weekly 24 Apr. 5 Contaminated hospital drip-feed solutions.
1874Knight Dict. Mech., *Drip-joint..a mode of uniting two sheets of metal in roofing where the joint is with the current, so as to form a water conductor.
1953Word for Word (Whitbread & Co.) 18/2 *Drip mats, small glass or absorbent mats on which glasses are placed to prevent staining tables and counters.
1851Turner Dom. Archit. II. iii. 73 Windows..with a *drip moulding.
1958Listener 27 Nov. 888/1 The exhibition shows, as Pollock's imitators never have, the range of *drip painting. 1960Times Lit. Suppl. 9 Sept. p. xlvii/5 The drip paintings of 1949–50 (probably the peak of Pollock's achievement).
1874Knight Dict. Mech., *Drip-pipe, a small copper pipe..from the waste-steam pipe inside, to carry off the condensed steam and other hot water which may be blown into the ‘trap’ at the top.
1900B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms 82/1 *Drip-point, drip-tip.
1936F. A. Westbrook in H. Pender Electr. Engineers' Handbk. (ed. 3) iv. xvi. 14 *Drip-Proof Motors. This type of motor has the upper halves of the heads closed so that materials, including liquids, cannot fall into it. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 15 Mar. 171 (Advt.), B.S.D. motors (drip-proof or totally-enclosed fan-cooled).
1758Robertson in Phil. Trans. L. 497 Under almost all the arches there are great numbers of *drip-shot piles, or piles driven into the bed of the water-way, to prevent it from being washed away by the fall.
1897J. C. Willis Flowering Plants I. 154 The *drip-tip..or acuminate leaf-apex. 1952P. W. Richards Tropical Rain Forest iv. 87 The exaggerated acumen or drip-tip so often seen in rain-forest trees has long attracted attention. |