| 释义 |
survive, v.|səˈvaɪv|
Also 6 survyve, 7 Anglo-Irish surveywe.
[a. AF. survivre, OF. so(u)rvivre (mod.F. survivre), = Pr. sobreviure, It. sorvivere, Sp. sobrevivir, Pg. -viver:—late L. supervīvĕre, f. super- super- 2 + vīvĕre to live.]
1. a. intr. To continue to live after the death of another, or after the end or cessation of some thing or condition or the occurrence of some event (expressed or implied); to remain alive, live on.
1473Rolls of Parlt. VI. 95/2 To have and perceyve the said cs yerely, to the said Mary and Robert, for the terme of their lyfes, and either of [them] survivyng. 1503–4Act 19 Hen. VII, c. 25 Preamble, Lyfe [is] as uncertayne to suche as survyve as was to them now departed. a1513Fabyan Chron. i. xxv. 18 They testyfye that Porrex was slayne and Ferrex suruyuyd. 1591Shakes. Two Gent. iv. ii. 110, I did loue a Lady, But she is dead... Sil. Say that she be: yet Valentine thy friend Suruiues. 1615Crooke Body of Man 335 Many children borne the seuenth month suruiue and do well. a1660Contemp. Hist. Irel. (Ir. Archæol. Soc.) II. 26 Wee..will in open fielde fight with as many of those our disparagers as longe as any of us will surveywe. 1697Dryden æneid ii. 814 Look if your helpless Father yet survive; Or if Ascanius, or Creusa live. 1771Junius Lett. lxi. (1788) 330 The son of that unfortunate prince survives. 1808Scott in Lockhart Life i. (1839) I. 33 He survived a few days, but becoming delirious before his dissolution, [etc.]. 1894H. Drummond Ascent of Man 278 There are vastly more creatures born than can ever survive. 1911Marett Anthropology iii. 70 To survive is to survive to breed. If you live to eighty, and have no children, you do not survive in the biological sense.
b. transf. To continue to exist after some person, thing, or event; to last on.
1593Shakes. Lucr. 204 Yea though I die the scandale will suruiue. 1654tr. Scudery's Curia Pol. Ded., They survive to future Ages by their Actions. 1671Milton Samson 1706 Though her body die, her fame survives. a1721Prior To C'tess Dowager of Devonshire 53 Thro' circling Years thy Labours would survive. 1830Scott Hrt. Midl. Introd., A late amiable and ingenious lady, whose wit and power of remarking and judging of character still survive in the memory of her friends. 1850Tennyson In Mem. xxxviii, If any care for what is here Survive in spirits render'd free. 1885Law Times 9 May 22/2 The mortgagor can inspect the title deeds while his right to redeem survives. 1907Bp. Robertson in Trans. Devon Assoc. 50 A Norman family whose name survives in place-names all over Devon.
c. Law. Of an estate, etc.: To pass to the survivor or survivors of two or more joint-tenants or persons who have a joint interest.
1648Bury Wills (Camden) 205 Whereas by the death of the sayd Isabell my daughter the estate and interest in the said mortgaged premises..is survived and come to the sayd Catherine and Anne my daughters. 1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) VI. 425 If one died under age, his or her part would not descend, but survive to the others.
2. trans. To continue to live after, outlive.
a. To remain alive after the death of (another).
1572Huloet s.v., To the entent that he may suruiue thee. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. ii. i. 125 And, for that dowrie, Ile assure her of Her widdow-hood, be it that she suruiue me In all my Lands and Leases whatsoeuer. a1680Glanvill Sadducismus ii. (1681) 166 Thinking they had Souls surviving their bodies. 1772Gentl. Mag. XLII. 245/1 The Lord Chancellor made an order for two issues at law to be tried, whether General Stanwix survived his Lady, or whether Mrs. Stanwix survived the General. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 568 Argyle, who survived Rumbold a few hours, left a dying testimony to the virtues of the gallant Englishman. 1880Muirhead Gaius iii. §16 If he..is survived by children of brothers predeceased, the inheritance belongs to all of them.
b. To continue to live after (an event, point of time, etc.), or after the end or cessation of (a condition, etc.).
1588Shakes. Tit. A. v. iii. 41 Because the Girle, should not suruiue her shame. 1591― 1 Hen. VI, iii. ii. 37 France, thou shalt rue this Treason with thy teares, If Talbot but suruiue thy Trecherie. a1610Parsons Leicester's Ghost (1641) 34 What others wrot before I doe survive. 1717Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to C'tess Mar 16 Jan., If I survive my journey, you shall hear from me again. 1777Priestley Matter & Sp. (1782) I. xxii. 286 Whether brutes will survive the grave we cannot tell. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 631 When Swift had survived his faculties many years, the Irish populace still continued to light bonfires on his birthday. 1852H. Rogers Ecl. Faith (1853) 193, I see few of my youthful contemporaries who have not survived their infidelity. 1883E. P. Roe in Harper's Mag. Dec. 52/2 I've known peach buds to survive fifteen below zero.
c. transf. To continue to exist after the death or cessation of (a person, condition, etc.), or after the occurrence of (an event); to outlast.
1633P. Fletcher Poet. Misc., Ps. i. ii, The soul..Still springs, buds, grows, and dying time survives. 1694Addison St. Cecilia's Day iv, Musick shall then exert its pow'r, And sound survive the ruins of the world. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xlix. V. 139 In his [sc. Charlemagne's] institutions I can seldom discover the general views and the immortal spirit of a legislator, who survives himself for the benefit of posterity. 1847Emerson Repr. Men, Napoleon Wks. (Bohn) I. 374 The principal works that have survived him are his magnificent roads. 1885‘Mrs. Alexander’ At Bay iii, It is pleasant to find that so much faith in your fellow-creatures survives the experience.
3. intr. and trans. In trivial use. Freq. in phr. I'll survive.
1902Kipling Traffics & Discov. (1904) 30 ‘But it'll bore you to death,’ he says... ‘I'll survive,’ I says, ‘I ain't British. I can think,’ I says. 1928M. Arlen Lily Christine xiii. 240 ‘All this trouble your silly husband has brought on you!’ ‘Oh, we'll survive that,’ she said lightly. 1949‘J. Tey’ Brat Farrar xxxi. 278 The fact that we are making him part of the family..will take a lot of the fun out of it for the scandal-mongers. We'll survive, Nell. And so will he. 1958C. S. Forester Hornblower in W. Indies 184 ‘I don't envy you, frankly.’ ‘No doubt I'll survive, sir.’ 1971‘F. Clifford’ Blind Side iv. ii. 157 ‘It's nice... Cosy.’ ‘No fados, I'm afraid.’ ‘I'll survive.’
Hence surˈviving vbl. n., survival.
1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) IV. 173 Her surviving was a continuing act. 1900M. Kingsley Notes 203 No amount of experience in her husband's habit of surviving ever made her feel he was safe. |