| 释义 |
▪ I. surveying, vbl. n.|səˈveɪɪŋ|
[f. survey v. + -ing1.]
The action of the verb survey.
1. The action of viewing or examining in detail (esp. officially); † the exploration (of a country).
1467–8Rolls of Parlt. V. 598/2 The surveying aswell of the Veerte as of the Venyson of oure Forest. 1577V. Leigh (title) The..science of Surueying of Landes, Tenementes, and Hereditamentes. 1596Bacon Max. & Use Com. Law ii. (1630) 10 Besides surueying of the Pledges of Freemen, and giuing the oath of Allegeance, and making Constables. 1607in Hist. Wakefield Gram. Sch. (1892) 74 If great occasion shall be for the surveyinge of the whole..of the howses or landes to the schole belonginge. 1622Callis Stat. Sewers (1647) 5 Commissions for the surveying and repairing of Walls, Banks and Rivers. 1632Lithgow (title) The Totall Discourse, Of the Rare Aduentures..of long nineteene Yeares Trauayles..in Surueighing of Forty eight Kingdomes.
2. The process or art of making surveys of land: see survey n. 5, v. 2, and land-surveying.
1551Recorde Pathw. Knowl. Ep. King, In suruaiyng & measuring of landes. 1639Boston Rec. (1877) II. 41 A great lott..twelve acrs, paying for the same..three shillings an acr upon the entrance of the platform or bounders thereof, after the Surveying of it. 1682Wheler Journ. Greece Pref. a ij, I..reduced their Positions into Triangles;..an ordinary rule in surveighing. a1727Newton Chronol. Amended ii. (1728) 248 This King wrote a book of surveying, which gave a beginning to Geometry. 1867Brande & Cox Dict. Sci., etc. s.v., Naval Surveying, the science of determining the lines on which seas may be safely navigated.
†3. Oversight, superintendence. Obs.
1538Elyot, Libitinarius, he that hath the suruayeng and charge aboute burienges.
4. attrib.:
†a. surveying-board, -place, a sideboard or hatch on which the dishes were placed ready for serving at a meal under the direction of the ‘surveyor’ (surveyor 1 d). Obs.
a1483Liber Niger in Househ. Ord. (1790) 45, xx squires attendaunt uppon the King's person..to help serve his table from the surveying bourde, and from other places, as the assewer woll assigne. c1543in Parker Dom. Archit. III. 78 A new halle, with a squillery, saucery, & surveyng place. c1600in Archaeologia LXIV. 392 The surveying place by the kitchin dore. 1608in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) II. 494 Y⊇ kitchen, butry, surveying place.
b. Applied to instruments or appliances used for, and to ships employed in, surveying.
1641Milton Ch. Govt. i. i. Wks. 1851 III. 98 Discipline, whose golden survaying reed..measures every quarter and circuit of new Jerusalem. 1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag. v. i. 2 In that socket you put the head of your three legged Surveying-Staff. a1691Boyle Hist. Air (1692) 134 Having gotten together all the surveighing chains the city afforded..we went into the Church. 1701Moxon Math. Instr. 17 Reducing scale,..Sometimes 'tis called a Surveying Scale. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v., [The] Surveying Cross..in France..serves in lieu of a Theodolite. Ibid. s.v. Quadrant, The Common, or Surveying Quadrant. Ibid., Perambulator,..an Instrument for the measuring of Distances, call'd also Pedometer, Way-wiser, and Surveying Wheel. 1840Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 108/2 A very useful..addition to the ordinary Surveying Poles. 1846Huxley in L. Huxley Life & Lett. (1900) I. ii. 26 Surveying ships are totally different from the ordinary run of men-of-war. 1883Simmonds Dict. Trade Suppl., Surveying Chain, a measuring chain 66 feet long, with iron rings and links. 1905A. R. Wallace Life I. vi. 86 My strong surveying boots cost 14s. a pair.
▪ II. surˈveying, ppl. a.
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
That surveys: see the verb.
1592R. D. Hypnerotomachia 21 Hir [sc. an Eagle's] suruaighing spreding traine. 1599B. Jonson Cynthia's Rev. v. ix, Whose courtly habite is the grace of the presence, and delight of the surueying eye. a1644Quarles Sol. Recant. ch. vi. 5 The worlds surveighing Lamp. 1697Dryden æneid xi. 796 A steepy Mountain..Whence the surveying Sight the neather Ground commands. |