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suppression|səˈprɛʃən|
[ad. L. suppressio, -ōnem, n. of action f. suppress-, supprimĕre to suppress. Cf. F. suppression (15th c.).]
1. The action of putting down, as by power or authority;
a. a practice or custom, a proceeding or movement, etc.; occas. † the quenching (of fire).
1528More Dyaloge iv. Wks. 250/2 He magnifyeth baptisme but to the supression of penance & of al good liuing. 1551T. Wilson Logic (1580) 48 b, The first suppression of the Popes whole power. 1574Homilies ii. Agst. Rebell. 617 (heading) The suppression of the last rebellion. 1607Chapman Bussy d'Ambois iv. i. 168 My love (Like to a fire disdaining his suppression) Rag'd being discourag'd. 1658T. Wall Charact. Enemies Ch. 42 To read their own shame in the suppression of mischief fruitlessly attempted. 1737in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. i. 267 The Suppression of Play-houses. 1776Adam Smith W.N. ii. ii. I. 392 The suppression of twenty shilling notes, would probably relieve it [sc. the scarcity of gold and silver]. 1825Jefferson Autobiog. Wks. 1859 I. 71 The result was..suppression of corvees, reformation of the gabelles. 1828Scott F.M. Perth ix, The extension of the dominion and the wealth of the church, and the suppression of heresy.
attrib.1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. III. 199 These suppression chaps intend to enforce the penal statute, and compel us to go to church! 1902Westm. Gaz. 2 July 2/1 In favour of a rigorous suppression policy.
b. persons or communities.
1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 225 A Monasterie..which (in the late..generall suppression) was found to be of the yeerly value of an hundreth and twenty pounds. 1590Sir J. Smyth Disc. Weapons 35 b, After that victorie and suppression of the Rebels. 1625in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 206 A farther suppression of all Popish Recusants and disinheriting of them. 1784W. Strickland in B. Ward Dawn Cath. Revival (1909) I. 78 On the suppression of the Society of Jesus. c1868G. Pryme Autobiog. Recoll. xv. 231 An Irish Act of Parliament for the suppression of ‘Rapparees, Tories, and other Robbers.’ 1888Gasquet Hen. VIII & Eng. Monast. I. 86 They turned out the agents engaged on the suppression [sc. of monasteries], and reinstated the canons.
c. Withholding or withdrawal from publication; prevention or prohibition of the circulation of a book or writing.
a1700Evelyn Diary 19 Aug. 1674, The noise of this book's suppression made it presently be bought up. 1736Pope Let. to Mr. Allen 5 June, The only use to my own character, as an Author of such a publication, would be the suppression of many things.
2. The action of keeping secret; refusal to disclose or reveal; also, the leaving of something unexpressed.
1728Chambers Cycl., Suppression, in Grammar, an Omission of certain Words in a Sentence, which yet are necessary to a full..Construction. 1749Power & Harmony Prosaic Numbers 63 A seasonable Silence, or imperfect Speech (a Figure which the Rhetoricians call a Suppression). 1782F. Burney Cecilia viii. iv, The incident was too extraordinary..to have any chance of suppression. 1837Macaulay Ess., Bacon (1843) II. 284 Unpardonable distortions and suppressions of facts. 1878Gladstone Prim. Homer 142 Homer, like Shakespeare, is remarkable for the suppression of himself.
3. Restraint or stifling (of utterance or expression).
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Suppression, the Act of Suppressing, Smothering, &c. 1751H. Walpole Let. to Mann 21 Mar., He [sc. a thrush] had dangerous suppressions of breath. 1827–35Willis Shunammite 37 His breast Heaving with the suppression of a cry. 1861Geo. Eliot Silas M. i. i, The self-complacent suppression of inward triumph that lurked in the narrow slanting eyes and compressed lips. 1865Swinburne Atalanta 2042 With tears and suppression of sighs.
†4. Depression, lowering; pressure of a superincumbent weight. Obs. rare.
1709–29V. Mandey Syst. Math., Astron. 353 Refraction, is the Elevation or Suppression of any Star by reason of..the Vapors Elevating themselves from the Earthly Globe. 1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl., Suppressionis ignis, a fire of suppression, a term used in chemistry to express such an application of fire to any subject, that it shall at once act upon it above and below... The usual way..is by covering the vessel..with sand, and then laying hot coals upon that.
5. Med. and Path. Stoppage or arrest (of a discharge or secretion).
1601Holland Pliny xxii. xxv. II. 143 It amendeth the suppression or difficultie of voiding urine. 1615Crooke Body of Man 336 Oftentimes vpon the suppression of their courses their bellies swell and they thinke they are conceiued. 1719Quincy Compl. Disp. 121 Simon Paule gave it in Suppression of Urine. 1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) V. 41 Suppression of the menses. The secretion obstructed in its regular periods of recurrence. 1845Budd Dis. Liver 222 The disorder of digestion and the suppression of bile. 1877M. Foster Physiol. ii. iv. (1879) 378 The cessation of renal activity, the so-called suppression of urine.
6. Bot. Absence or non-development of some part or organ normally or typically present.
1845A. Gray Bot. Text-bk. 191 The non-production (suppression) of one whorl of organs. 1849Balfour Man. Bot. §647 Suppression is liable to occur in all the parts of plants, and gives rise to various abnormalities. 1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 363 The protonema differs from the Moss-stem..in the suppression of those further divisions by which the tissue of the stem is produced from its segments.
7. a. Psychol. The restraint or repression of an idea, an activity, or a reaction by something more powerful.
1880W. James Coll. Ess. & Rev. (1920) 197 What is this volition?..the permanent suppression of an idea although it may be immediately and urgently pleasant. Ibid., What do we mean by ‘suppression’? Either complete oblivescence, or such presence as to evoke the steady sentiment of aversion or negation. 1894Creighton & Titchener tr. Wundt's Human & Animal Psychol. 206 It may sometimes be observed that these phenomena of suppression do not extend to the entire image. 1951T. C. Ruch in S. S. Stevens Handbk. Exper. Psychol. v. 172/2 Suppression exists in two forms. The first is termed ‘suppression of motor activity’..and the second form is ‘suppression of electrical activity’. 1971K. H. Pribram Languages of Brain vii. 138 Thus some sort of suppression of responsiveness must occur when an imbalance in the ordinary mode of excitation is produced, and their suppression exceeds the malfunction produced solely by disuse. 1974Atkinson & Birch in Atkinson & Raynor Motivation & Achievement xv. 274 The impact of some feature of the immediate environment is not so much an instigation to activity as the opposite, suppression of an activity.
b. Psychoanalysis. The action or result of (consciously) inhibiting an unacceptable feeling, desire, or memory. Cf. repression 2 c.
1913A. A. Brill tr. Freud's Interpretation of Dreams v. 199 The theory of repression..asserts that such repressed wishes still exist, contemporaneously with an inhibition weighing them down. Language has hit upon the truth when it speaks of the ‘suppression’ of such impulses. 1926J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. vii. 72 Repression, suppression, sublimation, and the rest are [psychological] realities; and we are finding out how our minds do work. 1955E. Mosbacher tr. Ferenczi's Final Contrib. Psycho-anal. iv. 265 With suppression one does not feel the pain, only the effort which is necessary to ‘alienate over’ the pain. With repression one does not even feel this any longer. 1969H. Nagera et al. Basic Psychoanal. Concepts II. ix. 43 The possibilities range from complete suppression..to an intensity which is greater than the ideational content would lead one to expect. 1977A. Sheridan tr. Lacan's Four Fundamental Concepts Psycho-anal. ii. 27 Is it not possible to see emerging from the text itself..the reality of the disappearance, of the suppression, of the Unterdrückung, the passing underneath?
8. Electr. Prevention of electrical interference.
1933Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engineers LXXIII. 543/2 Devices for the suppression of interference from many items of electrical plant, particularly domestic appliances, could be incorporated in future designs. 1964R. F. Ficchi Electr. Interference vii. 110 Capacitors are used when suppression is required on two commutator motors. 1970R.A.C. Guide & Handbk. 56 Radio Interference Suppression. Regulations made by the Postmaster General.
9. Phonetics. The lowering of normal stress levels in verse; an instance of this.
1956,1973[see promotion 1 f].
Hence suˈppressionist, an advocate of suppression.
1886Daily Tel. 11 Nov. (Cassell), Think of it, ye modern suppressionists. |