| 释义 |
dogwood|ˈdɒgwʊd|
[lit. wood of the dog-tree, q.v.]
1. The Wild Cornel, Cornus sanguinea, a shrub common in woods and hedgerows in the south of England, with dark red branches, greenish-white flowers, and dark purple berries.[Turner calls it dogberry tree; Lyte ‘Wilde Cornell tree, Houndes tree, and Hounde berie, or Dogge berie tree, and the Pricke timber tree, because Butchers vse to make prickes of it’.] 1617Minsheu Ductor Ling., The Dogges tree, dogge-wood, or wilde cherrie tree, which Butchers make prickes of. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. s.v. Cornus, The dogwood, or dogberry-tree. 1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. (1863) 21 Promontories of dog-wood. 1859W. S. Coleman Woodlands (1862) 124 The Dogwood, or Wild Cornel.
b. Applied to other species of the genus Cornus; esp., in N. America, to C. florida, a tree bearing large white or pink flowers, and scarlet berries.
1676T. Glover Acc. of Virginia in Phil. Trans. XI. 628. 1699 Phil. Trans. XXI. 437 We have also plenty of Pine, and Dog-wood, which is a fine Flower-bearing-Tree. 1859Longfellow Hyperion ii. i, The dog-wood, robed in the white of its own pure blossoms. 1877W. Matthews Ethnogr. Hidatsa 27 These Indians seldom use tobacco alone, but mix it with the dried inner bark of one or more species of dogwood, Cornus stolonifera and C. sericea.
2. Applied to various other shrubs and trees.
a. In Jamaica, various species of Piscidia, a genus of leguminous trees; in New South Wales, a leguminous shrub, Jacksonia scoparia; in Tasmania, the shrub or small tree Bedfordia salicina (family Compositæ).
b. Locally and improperly applied in England to the Spindle-tree, Alder Buckthorn, Bird-Cherry, Guelder Rose, and Woody Nightshade. (Britten & Holland.)
c. With defining words: black dogwood, Bird-Cherry, Alder Buckthorn, and Piscidia carthaginensis. poison dogwood, the Poison Sumach of N. America (Rhus venenata). pond dogwood, Cephalanthus occidentalis of Louisiana (Miller Plant-n.). striped dogwood, Acer pennsylvanicum. white dogwood, Guelder-Rose and Piscidia Erythrina.
1725Sloane Jamaica II. 275 Another sort of fishing they had with the bark of the tree called Dogwood [Piscidia Erythrina], which being bruised and put into standing waters..intoxicated [the fishes]. 1838Loudon Arboretum 496 Euonymus Europæus..It is called Dogwood, because a decoction of its leaves was used to wash dogs, to free them from vermin. 1847Leichhardt Jrnl. i. 11 Ironbark ridges here and there..with dogwood (Jacksonia)..diversified the sameness. 1866Treas. Bot. 132 B[edfordia] salicina, the Dogwood of Tasmania, has beautifully marked wood, suitable for cabinet-work. 1867Ure's Dict. Arts (1875) II. 764 The woods yielding good powder charcoals are black alder, poplar, spindle tree, black dogwood, and chestnut. 1878Britten & Holland Plant-n., Dogwood..(3) Rhamnus Frangula. The ‘dogwood’ used in the manufacture of gunpowder is produced by this shrub. Hants.
3. The wood of any of these; esp. that of Cornus sanguinea, which is close and smooth-grained.
1664Evelyn Sylva i. xx. (1729) 108 Wild-cornel, or Dog⁓wood, good to make Mill-Cogs, Pestles, Bobins for Bonelace, Spokes for Wheels, &c. 1696Lond. Gaz. No. 3206/4 Angle-Rods made of Foreign Dogwood. 1859Fairholt Tobacco (1876) 192 The tube is of dogwood such as butcher's skewers are made of. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts II. 69 Dog⁓wood, cornus sanguinea..Little splinters of this wood are used by the watch-maker for cleaning out the pivot-holes of watches, and by the optician for cleaning deeply-seated small lenses. Its peculiarity is that it is remarkably free from silex. Toothpicks are also manufactured from dog⁓wood. 1867,1878[see 2].
4. attrib.
1707Sloane Jamaica I. p. xii, Negroes take them [fish] by intoxicating them with Dogwood bark. 1769W. Stork Acc. E. Florida 46 The ash, locust, and dog-wood-trees are here in abundance. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts II. 69 Dog-wood Bark, the bark of the Cornus florida..much used in the United States as a substitute for Peruvian bark. |