| 释义 |
disturbance|dɪˈstɜːbəns|
[a. OF. destorbance, destour-, destur- (12th c. in Godef.), f. destourber to disturb: see -ance.]
The action of disturbing or fact of being disturbed.
1. The interruption and breaking up of tranquillity, peace, rest, or settled condition; agitation (physical, social, or political).
1297R. Glouc. (1724) 436 Þe erl Tebaude de Bleys..dystourbed þe peys, And þoru Kyng Henryes rede made destourbance. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. clxxxvi. (1495) 727 Of suche dystourbance and stryfe and contrarynesse comyth stronge boyllyng and dureth vnto the hete hath maystry. 1467Ord. Worcester in Eng. Gilds 388 Disturbaunce of the seid pease. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 334 That hee might live quietly in Rome: for..some there were that sought his disturbaunce. 1662J. Davies tr. Mandelslo's Trav. 256 Such as tend to the disturbance of the publick peace. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 30 The Sea was..smooth, and no disturbance by wind to curl the waves, or to make it frothy. 1741–2H. Walpole Lett. H. Mann (1834) I. xviii. 63 The..election passed without any disturbance. 1855Bain Senses & Int. i. ii. §2 In most cases of bodily irritation we can assign the place or seat of the disturbance. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. vii. 49 The slightest disturbance was sufficient to bring them down.
b. with a and pl.: An instance of this; spec. a breach of public peace, a tumult, an uproar, an outbreak of disorder.
atmospheric disturbance, a change in atmospheric conditions putting an end to calm weather.
1297R. Glouc. (1724) 514 Tho bigan ther in this lond a newe destourbance. 1598Florio, Sturbo, sturbamento, a trouble, a vexation, a disturbance. 1608Shakes. Per. iii. ii. 37, I can speak of the disturbances That nature works, and of her cures. 1667Milton P.L. x. 897 Innumerable Disturbances on Earth through Femal snares. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India II. 98 With their apprehension the disturbances ceased. 1875Chamb. Jrnl. cxxxiii. 8 Telegraphic intelligence of storms or atmospheric disturbances. 1880Daily News 30 Oct., A disturbance will arrive on the North British and Norwegian Coasts..attended by..strong winds or gales, rain or snow.
2. Interruption of mental tranquillity or equanimity; mental agitation, excitement, discomposure.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 207 (Mätz.) Pictagoras wiþ harpe and strenges cessede þe destourbaunce of wittes. 1398― Barth. De P.R. v. v. (1495) 108 In the eyen is seen and knowen the distourbaunce and gladnesse of the soule. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 204 To any ones disturbaunce and vexation. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 23 To allure the hearts of greedy men, to afford them disturbance. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 126 ⁋7 One whose reigning disturbance was the dread of house-breakers. 1858J. Martineau Stud. Chr. 271 The dislike felt by the comfortable classes towards the trouble of thought and the disturbance of thought.
3. Interference with the regular or due course or continuance of any action or process; molestation.
c1340Cursor M. 7700 (Trin.) Saul souȝte dauid to quelle Often fel so þe chaunce Was þere but goddes disturbaunce. 1393Gower Conf. I. 181 Envie..began to travaile In disturbaunce of this spousaile. c1400Beryn 3981 A saff condit..That he may com & pas withouten disturbaunce. 1513More in Grafton Chron. II. (1568) 766 This demeanor attempted..against the king..in the disturbance of his coronation. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 102 To withstand his men from disturbance of his enterprise. 1711Addison Spect. No. 262 ⁋6 That he may let the ship sail on without disturbance. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. (1874) I. xx. 218 We are to follow the labour of Nature, but not her disturbance.
4. Law. (See quot. 1765–9.)
[1292Britton ii. xi. §7 Et ausi est home disseisi quel houre qe ly ou sa meyné soit destourbé de user sa peissible seisine par autre qi i cleyme fraunc tenement par teles destourbances.] 1598Child Marriages 164 He, the said Robert Fletcher, shall..enioie the same shop as tenant..without the lett or disturbans of the said John Allen, his executors, or Assignes. 1613Sir H. Finch Law (1636) 291 An assise which may bee either of his owne or his ancestors possession called an assise of darrein presentment is upon a disturbance when himselfe or his ancestor did last present. 1765–9Blackstone (Mason), Disturbance is a wrong done to some incorporeal hereditament, by hindering or disquieting the owners in their regular, and lawful enjoyment of it. 1768― Comm. III. 236 Disturbance of franchises happens, when a man has the franchise of holding a court-leet, of keeping a fair or market [etc.] and he is disturbed or incommoded in the lawful exercise thereof. 1848Wharton Law Lex., Disturbance..There are five sorts of this injury, viz., disturbance of (1) franchise, (2) common, (3) ways, (4) tenure, and (5) patronage. |