| 释义 |
▪ I. suicide, n.1|ˈs(j)uːɪsaɪd|
[ad. mod.L. suīcīda, f. suī of oneself + -cīda -cide 1. Cf. F. suicide, It., Sp., Pg. suicida.]
Not in Johnson 1755. For earlier synonyms see self-destroyer, -killer, -murderer, -slayer.
One who dies by his own hand; one who commits self-murder. Also, one who attempts or has a tendency to commit suicide.
1732Lond. Mag. I. 252 The Suicide owns himself..unequal to the Troubles of Life. 1769Blackstone Comm. iv. xiv. 189 The suicide is guilty of a double offence: one spiritual, in invading the prerogative of the Almighty..: the other temporal, against the king. 1838W. Bell Dict. Law Scot. 953 The wounds inflicted by a suicide upon himself are usually in the front, and in an oblique direction. 1861F. Nightingale Nursing (ed. 2) 77 A fourth [patient], who is a depressed suicide, requires a little cheering. 1870R. C. Jebb Sophocles' Electra (ed. 2) 47/1 Suicides used to be interred with a stake through the body, ‘to lay the ghost’.
b. fig.
1728Young Love Fame (1741) 89 If fate forbears us, fancy strikes the blow We make misfortune, Suicides in woe. 1824–9Landor Imag. Conv. Wks. 1853 I. 28/2 Those are the worst of suicides, who voluntarily and propensely stab or suffocate their fame.
c. attrib. or as adj. (= suicidal).
1817Lady Morgan France i. (1818) I. 38 The chateau of the suicide husband. 1895F. M. Crawford Casa Braccio xl, The lonely grave of the outcast and suicide woman.
▪ II. suicide, n.2|ˈs(j)uːɪsaɪd|
Also 7 sui-cide.
[ad. mod.L. suīcīdium, f. suī of oneself + -cīdium -cide 2. Cf. F. suicide, It., Sp., Pg. suicidio.]
For earlier synonyms see self-destruction, -homicide, -killing, -murder, -slaughter.
a. The or an act of taking one's own life, self-murder. Phr. to commit suicide.
1651Charleton Ephes. & Cimm. Matrons (1668) 73 To vindicate ones self from..inevitable Calamity, by Sui-cide is not..a Crime. 1656Blount Glossogr., Suicide, the slaying or murdering of himself; self-murder. 1732Lond. Mag. I. 251 Love and Jealousy, the old unfashionable causes of Suicide. 1765–8Erskine Inst. Law Scot. iv. iv. §46 Suicide, which is a species of murder, ought to be governed by the common rules of murder. 1781Cowper Truth 20 Charge not..Your wilful suicide on God's decree. 1817Selwyn Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 970 A proviso..declaring the policy to be void in case the insured should..commit suicide. 1891Farrar Darkn. & Dawn lxvi, The terrible disillusionment and suicides of Gallio and of Seneca.
b. fig.
1793V. Knox Pers. Nobility liv. Wks. 1824 V. 125 There should be no war, much less intestine war, which may be justly called political suicide. 1817D'Israeli Curios. Lit. III. 189 Men of genius..voluntarily committing a literary suicide in their own manuscripts. 1884tr. Lotze's Logic 468 The rejection of it [sc. a theory] could only be arrived at by a very curious sort of logical suicide. 1886Ruskin Præterita I. 389 The central tragedy of all the world, the suicide of Greece.
c. attrib., esp. as suicide letter, suicide note, suicide pact. Also spec. in Mil. use, designating highly dangerous or deliberately suicidal operations and persons, etc., involved in them, as suicide aircraft, suicide mission, suicide squad, etc.
1773Foote Bankrupt iii. Wks. 1799 II. 129 November, the suicide season. 1821Bentham Liberty Press Wks. 1843 II. 282/1 The rash and ill-judged—the suicide letter of the constitution. 1882Stevenson New Arab. Nts. 26 The smoking-room of the Suicide Club. 1897‘Mark Twain’ Following Equator lvii. 546 In India, the annual man-killings by snakes are..as forecastable as are the tiger-average and the suicide-average. 1909Westm. Gaz. 28 Aug. 15/2 The suicide rate per 100,000 persons under twenty..was 8·26. 1911Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 19 Apr. 4/3 Before he shot himself..he shot Miss Bovee three times, they having previously entered into a suicide pact. 1916‘Boyd Cable’ Doing their Bit iii. 47 You bombers of the ‘Suicide Clubs’ might note this. 1923Kipling Irish Guards in Gt. War I. 67 There seemed no meaning or reason in the affair, unless it was a suicide-party of Germans who had run from the attack of the day before and had been ordered thus to die. 1928A. C. Havlin Hist. Company A, 102nd Machine Gun Battalion 3 We were to serve as ‘suicide squads’ in the..26th Division. 1929D. Hammett Dain Curse vii. 65 Your husband's letter sounded enough like a suicide letter..so you murdered him. 1938‘E. Queen’ Four of Hearts xxii. 293 Park left a suicide note to efface his trail and vanished. 1942R.A.F. Jrnl. 13 June 15 If a ‘suicide squad’ job came along..it would be assumed that every man was ready for that sort of thing. 1945News Chron. 1 June 4/5 Conferences..are believed to have included plans to counter the..suicide plane. According to a Tokio statement, these suicide attacks..are being developed by the..Japanese Naval Command. 1946Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. L. 293 As with the pages devoted to German aircraft, so with those given to Japanese. They are full and informative, and end with brief interesting notes on suicide aircraft and the Baka flying bomb. 1954,1956[see kamikaze a. 1]. 1963‘D. Cory’ Hammerhead x. 123 Fedora brushed what was left of the suicide pill on to the palm of his hand. 1969R. Rendell Best Man to Die xv. 147 It's the seat on the driver's left that's called the suicide seat. 1971New Scientist 11 Mar. 531/2 No civil defence measure would improve this state of affairs except perhaps the issue of suicide pills. 1974‘S. Woods’ Done to Death 127, I haven't told him about the suicide note. Ibid. 129 Mr Maitland's theory about the suicide letter is right. 1976A. White Long Silence xviii. 158 ‘And the third objective?’.. ‘Obviously to flee..and eventually return to England. None of you strikes me as the kind of fool who would accept a suicide mission.’ 1977A. Giddens Stud. in Social & Polit. Theory ix. 308 Her husband left her seven months later, and this precipitated her suicide attempt. 1978Times 21 Nov. 6/4 Mr Jones had forced his followers to make a suicide pact with him. He predicted..all 1,200 members of the sect would die. 1979T. Sharpe Wilt Alternative xvi. 149 Could have left a suicide squad to cover their retreat.
d. Comb., as suicide blonde slang, a woman with hair dyed blonde (esp. rather amateurishly), a peroxide blonde; suicide clause, a clause in a life insurance policy which releases the insurer from liability if the insured commits suicide within a specified period; suicide squeeze Baseball, the action of a runner on third base in running for home as the ball is pitched (cf. squeeze play).
1942Berrey & Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §430/4 Bottle baby,..peroxide, *suicide blonde, an artificial blonde. 1959J. Braine Vodi vii. 104 ‘You don't have to whitter on about one little suicide blonde.’ ‘She's a real blonde,’ Tom said. 1973A. Sillitoe Men, Women & Children 174 The snow-white hair of a suicide-blonde flashed around: ‘Hey up, Margaret!’
1902C. L. Greene Medical Examination for Life Insurance 357 There can be little doubt that in the case of persons insured under policies containing a *suicide clause, such deaths are very generally reported as accidental. 1976‘L. Black’ Healthy Way to Die x. 112 Eddie asks her if there is a suicide clause in the life policy.
1955P. Richards Mod. Baseball Strategy xi. 129 The ‘*suicide-squeeze’, which has the runner going home on the pitch, is absolutely certain to work—if the batter bunts the ball on the ground. 1974Los Angeles Times 13 Oct. iii. 9/5 It is properly called a ‘suicide squeeze’ because it calls for the runner to arrive at home plate at the same time as the ball.
▸ orig. U.S. suicide by cop n. an incident in which police are manipulated by a person into acting as the agents of his or her death.
1988St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Sept. 6 a/2 ‘Suicide by cop’—the term used when a person intent on suicide intentionally starts a shoot-out that he knows he will lose. 1997M. R. Hammer & R. G. Rogan in R. G. Rogan et al. Dynamic Processes of Crisis Negotiation 12 In the case of a suicide-by-cop, a suspect may take hostages, or even kill them, in order to achieve the instrumental objective of being killed by the police. 2001Nation 4 June 5/2 In his fantasy life, [Timothy] McVeigh has fancied himself a sort of stoic samurai... In one letter McVeigh referred to his impending execution as a version of ‘suicide by cop’.
▸ suicide bomber n. a person who dies (or intends to die) carrying out a military or (now esp.) terrorist bombing mission; (in early use) spec. = kamikaze n. 2.
1941New Yorker 20 Dec. 12/2 Why, a man like Kelly is a bigger threat to an enemy than any *suicide bomber. 1961Internat. Affairs 37 351 He is able to enliven his narrative with personal recollections of the ordeal undergone by the ships subjected to the ‘desperate fury’ of the Kamikaze suicide bombers. 1979Sci., Technol., & Human Values 4 37 The attempt of a demented suicide-bomber to blow up a fully-loaded transatlantic passenger flight. 2001J. C. Grimwood Pashazade (2003) x. 52 The police deduced that the suicide bombers had been in regular radio contact.
▸ suicide watch n. the precautionary observation of a person, esp. one in prison or confinement, considered at risk of committing suicide; an instance of this.
1929Charleroi (Pa.) Mail 8 Jan. 1/7 Pennsylvania's arch slayer, is under a ‘*suicide watch’ in a new cell in the Allegheny county jail today. 2005Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 3 Sept. 3/1 When my two appeals failed I was put on suicide watch and I cut myself off from my family.
▸ suicide bombing n. an attack carried out by a suicide bomber; the use of such attacks as part of a terrorist or military campaign.
1942Austin (Texas) Amer. 9 Feb. 4/6 They [sc. Pacific coast people] would accept Pres. Roosevelt's word that there might be a *suicide bombing. 1984R. Reagan Let. 3 Nov. in R. E. Weber & R. A. Weber Dear Americans (2003) 186 The forces who don't want a just peace in the Middle East turned to acts of terrorism. First, as you know, it was sniping, then mortar and artillery fire, and finally the suicide bombing. 2005Guardian 3 Nov. i. 3/1 Israel says the aim is to break civilian support for armed Palestinian groups responsible for last week's suicide bombing.
▪ III. ˈsuicide, v.
[f. prec. Cf. F. se suicider.]
1. intr. and refl. To commit suicide.
1841Lever O'Malley xxxii. 171 Here was I enacting Romeo for three mortal days—soliloquizing, half-suiciding. 1847Mrs. Carlyle Lett. & Mem. (1883) II. 18 The expediency..of suiciding myself is no longer a question with me. 1881Philad. Rec. No. 3443. 1 Isaiah McNeal, aged 60, suicided at Conyngham on Wednesday. a1890Sir R. Burton in Lady Burton Life (1893) I. 45 There is hardly a place in Italy..where some Englishman has not suicided himself. 1893Athenæum 24 June 794/2 The principal character, after behaving like a cad, suicides ‘beautifully’. 1898‘R. Boldrewood’ Rom. Canvass Town 133, I don't wonder that they suicide now and then.
2. trans. (euphemistically) To do to death.
1876Spectator 12 Aug. 997 (N. & Q.) As the Divan cannot pass over the next heir..and as it is difficult to suicide him [etc.]. 1898Daily News 17 Oct. 4/5 The actual forger was, to use a convenient piece of French slang, ‘suicided’ in gaol. 1899H. Wright Depopulation 129 By suiciding the rest of the population. 1900Spectator 2 June 769 It might be safer than suiciding him.
Add: Hence ˈsuicided ppl. a.
1965New Statesman 20 Aug. 260/3 Mr Odell seems to favour a psychopathic Jewish ritual slaughterman while Mr Cullen settles for a suicided barrister. 1985Financial Times 5 July 15/4 A slum dwelling wild child..orphaned by suicided parents. |