| 释义 |
▪ I. dismount, v.|dɪsˈmaʊnt|
[f. dis- 6 + mount v.: perh. after OF. desmonter (12–13th c. in Hatz-Darm.), mod.F. démonter = It. dismontare, Sp. desmontar, med.L. dismontāre (Du Cange). Cf. also obs. doublet demount, from 15th c. French.]
I. intransitive.
1. To come down from a height; to descend.
1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. May 315 The bright Sunne gynneth to dismount. 1589Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 60 Cupide [had] dismounted from his mothers lappe, left his bow, and quiuer at random. 1677Crowne Destr. Jerusalem i. Song, Dram. Wks. 1873 II. 242 Day is dismounted on the watery plain. 1725Pope Odyss. xx. 76 If dismounted from the rapid cloud, Me with his whelming wave let Ocean shrowd!
2. To get down, alight (from a horse or other animal; also, formerly, from a vehicle).
[1533Bellenden Livy iii. (1822) 295 Incontinent the horsmen of twa legionis..demountit haistilie fra thare hors.] 1588Shakes. Tit. A. v. ii. 54, I will dismount, and by the Waggon wheele, Trot like a Seruile footeman. 1598Barret Theor. Warres iv. i. 102 Neither yet in the day of battell ought he to dismount. 1605Play Stucley in Simpson Sch. Shaks. (1878) I. 251 Dismount thee Muly from thy chariot wheels. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. Ded. (1721) I. 189 He..dismounted from the Saddle. 1705Lond. Gaz. No. 4151/3 Their Dragoons dismounted. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. l. (1846) V. 16 He instantly dismounted to present the pilgrim with his camel. 1832W. Irving Alhambra II. 174 Every horseman was obliged to dismount at the gate.
fig.1817Keats Lett. Wks. 1889 III. 95, I am in a fair way now to come to a conclusion..I shall be glad to dismount for a month or two.
b. spec. of a stallion.
1674N. Cox Gentl. Recreat. v. (1686) 17 Cold water to throw on the Mare's Shape, immediately on the dismounting of the Horse.
II. transitive.
3. To come down from (a height or elevated place); to descend. Obs. (exc. as associated with next.)
1589Gold. Mirr. (1851) 10 Dismounting thus the hill, I did retyre. 1620Quarles Jonah in Farr S.P. Jas. I (1848) 131 He straight dismounts his throne. 1658R. Franck North. Mem. (1821) 33 It's only dismounting our apartments to mount our horses. 1844[see dismounting below].
4. To get off, alight from (a horse, etc.).
c1620Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 30 Dismount your..steeds. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 96 Hee is made to dismount his Elephant. 1859Reeve Brittany 236 A peasant has just dismounted his white horse.
5. (causal) To throw down from a horse, etc.; to unseat, unhorse.
1599Shakes. Hen. V, iii. vii. 84 Your Horse..would trot as well, were some of your bragges dismounted. 1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. xi. xx, The Martial Virgins spear..dismounts her foe on dustie plain. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 19 Least from this flying Steed unrein'd..Dismounted, on th' Aleian Field I fall. 1838Lytton Leila ii. ii, Several of his knights were dismounted.
b. To deprive of horses; the opposite of mount = to supply with horses.
1866W. Watson Youatt's Horse vi. (1872) 122 Diseases that used to dismount whole troops.
6. To remove (a thing) from that on which it has been mounted; esp. to take or throw down (a gun or cannon) from its carriage or other support, either deliberately for tactical purposes, or by hostile missiles.
1544Exped. Scotl. B iij/1 One of our peices, with shotte out of the sayde castel, was stroken and dismounted. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xix. 22 They burst one of their best peeces, and dismounted foure other. 1625Markham Soldier's Accid. 26 Dismount your Musquet, and carrie it with the Rest. 1659D. Pell Impr. Sea 542 Trees are rent up by the roots, and out-housing dismounted. 1707Lond. Gaz. No. 4359/2 One of our Ships..had dismounted Two of their Batteries. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. II. 345 Part of their cannon..they dismounted and placed on mules. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 46/1 A whole drawer-full of mounted shells may, by bad handling, be dismounted from their tablet at one shock.
7. To take (a thing) out of that in which it is set or enclosed; to remove (a gem, etc.) from its setting or ‘mount’; to take (mechanism) from its framework, take to pieces. † dismount thy tuck (Shakes.): draw thy rapier from its sheath.
1601Shakes. Twel. N. iii. iv. 244. 1683 Burnet tr. More's Utopia (1685) 98 Nor will Men buy it [a precious stone] unless it be dismounted and taken out of the Gold. 1859Musketry Instr. 13 When the lock is dismounted.
8. To set, put, or bring down from an elevated position; to lower. ? Obs. (In 1597 fig. from 6.)
1597Shakes. Lover's Compl. 281 His watrie eies he did dismount, Whose sightes till then were leaueled on my face. 1633G. Herbert Temple, Man iv, His eyes dismount the highest starre. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 66 The Doolaes were no sooner dismounted, but that thereout issued the Amazones. 1742Young Nt. Th. vii. 1192 Sorceries of Sense..Dismount her [the soul] from her native Wing.
†9. fig. (largely from 5):
a. To bring down from lofty position or high estimation; to cast down, lower, debase. Obs.
1608Day Law Trickes v. (1881) 81 Now Daughter make thee fit To combat and dismount her actiue wit. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 447 The positive Detractor..dismounts the most merited Reputation with some But. a1718Penn Maxims Wks. 1726 I. 824 Drunkenness..spoils Health, dismounts the Mind, and unmans Men.
†b. To reduce to an inferior position, degrade, depose (a person). Obs.
1607–12Bacon Ess., Superstition (Arb.) 342 But Supersticion dismountes all this [Sense, Philosophy, Piety, etc.] and erecteth an absolute Tyranny, in the minde of Men. 1651N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. ii. xiii. (1739) 69 Dukes were dismounted without conviction. a1677Barrow Serm. (1687) I. xxv. 344, Did not Samuel exercise such a charity, when..injuriously dismounted from his authority?
†10. To reduce to a plain; to level. Obs. rare—1.
1563Sackville Induct. to Mirr. Mag., Xerxes..Dismounted hills, and made the vales uprear.
Hence disˈmounting vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1560Whitehorne Ord. Souldiours (1588) 36 To saue the saide artillerie from dismounting. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 446 Cold Praise..or Interruption of it, with a Dismounting But. 1677Gilpin Demonol. (1867) 272 Intended for the dismounting of the confidence of the wicked. 1844Disraeli Coningsby i. i. (L.), The number of stairs..the time their mountings and dismountings must have absorbed. 1870Daily News 11 Nov., The dismounting of the heavy battery on the bank of the Rhine..commenced yesterday.
▪ II. disˈmount, n.
[f. prec. vb.]
An act or method of dismounting.
1654Gayton Pleas. Notes iii. viii. 123 A Tournament, [led] to an Over-turne; that, to a Dismount. 1886Cyclist 6 Oct. 1325/1 The pedal dismount is the best for this form of bicycle. 1888Chicago Advance 5 July, Frequent dismounts [from bicycle] in connection with a hot pace, are fatiguing. |