| 释义 |
subvert, v.|səbˈvɜːt|
[ad. OF. subvertir (from 13th c.), or L. subvertĕre, f. sub- sub- 26 + vertĕre to turn. Cf. It. sovvertere, Sp. subvertir, Pg. subverter.]
†1. trans. To overthrow, raze to the ground (a town or city, a structure, edifice). Obs.
1382Wyclif Gen. xix. 29 Whan forsothe God had subuertid the citees of that regioun. 1422Yonge Secr. Secr. 163 The excellent Cite of troy for aye Subuertid and destrued was. 1513Life Henry V (1911) 117 Some others labored to subuert and ouerthrowe the walls. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, ii. iii. 65 These are his substance, sinewes, armes, and strength, With which he..Razeth your Cities, and subuerts your Townes. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. 361 When those more ancient Churches were subverted, Aldred..erected another. 1632Lithgow Trav. ii. 64 Earthquakes..often⁓times subuert their houses. 1665Manley Grotius' Low C. Wars 255 He easily recovered what ever had been conquered by..Mansfeldt,..and utterly subverted all that was unnecessary. 1775R. Chandler Trav. Asia M. (1825) I. 331 Many villages were absorbed, the city Sipylus was subverted, and marshes were changed into lakes.
†b. in fig. context. Obs.
1661Boyle Scept. Chem. ii. (1680) 162 Something that Subverts another Foundation of the Chymical Doctrine. a1677Barrow Serm. xxix. (1687) I. 401 To dissolve those sacred bands, by which its union is conteined, and to subvert the onely foundations of publick tranquillity. 1775De Lolme Constit. Eng. i. i. 9 William of Normandy..subverted the ancient fabric of the Saxon Legislation. 1792Burke Corr. (1844) III. 392 They began its destruction by subverting..the foundations of civil society itself.
†2. To upset, overturn (an object); occas. to break up (ground). Obs.
1543–4Act 35 Hen. VIII, c. 10 §2 The Partie.. whose Lande or Soile shalbe so herafter subverted and broken. 1563Homilies ii. i. ii. Dd ij, He..ouertourneth the tables of thexchaungers, subuerteth the seates of them that sold doues. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 312 They themselves contrive To rob the Honey, and subvert the Hive. a1700Evelyn Diary 17 Feb. 1662, The tempest of wind..which subverted besides huge trees, many houses, innumerable chimnies.
†3. To evert (the eyelid). Obs.
1547Boorde Brev. Health ccv. (1557) 70 b, Blere eyes whiche is when the vnder lid of the eye is subuerted.
†4. To upset (the stomach, appetite). Obs.
1620Venner Via Recta Introd. 13 The Bathes..doe weaken and subuert the stomacke. Ibid. 98 The sweet Orenges are not fit for sauce, because they subuert the appetite, and cause loathsomnesse in the stomacke. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 186 Their eggs or spawn are poysonsome,..subverting the stomack, especially in May.
5. To undermine the character, loyalty, or faith of, corrupt, pervert (a person). Now rare.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints i. (Peter) 82 He askit petir, quharfor he Subuertit men of þat cuntre. 1382Wyclif Tit. iii. 11 Schonye thou a man heretyk,..witinge for he that is such maner man is subuertid, and trespassith. 1552Abp. Hamilton Catech. (1884) 47 He that is siclike is subvertit and synnis. 1615J. Wright Acc. Lady Jane Grey in Phenix (1708) II. 29 Whom..desire of Life hath subverted, and made of a Christian an Infidel. 1633Stafford Pac. Hib. ii. iii. (1821) 255 Hee was at that time reclaimed, and subverted to bee a good Catholike. 1715[A. A. Sykes] Innoc. Error 38 If he be subverted, yet 'twill be hard to prove Sin or Self-Condemnation upon a Man. 1914Times 21 Oct. 7/5 These ringleaders..dispose of large means with which they are able to subvert workmen of their country engaged in the dockyard.
6. To disturb (the mind, soul); to overturn, overthrow (a condition or order of things, a principle, law, etc.).
c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋561 It reueth hym the quiete of his herte and subuerteth his soule. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 16471 Yff he contynue in hys malys..to subuerten myn hope. 1474Caxton Chesse 46 The mynystres by theyr pryde and orgueyl subuerte justyce. 1530Palsgr. 742/2 This cursed opynion, if it may contynewe a whyle, it wyll subvert all good lawes. 1596Spenser F.Q. v. ix. 2 After that he..with dreadfull fate Had vtterly subuerted his vnrighteous state. 1639Daniel Ecles. xiii. 26 Hee..Promises mountaines, brings thee to his feast, And doth subvert thy Reason, in thy Tast. 1654H. L'Estrange Chas. I (1655) 30 To the end he might..have perverted the Prince, and subverted the true Religion established in England. 1741Butler Serm. Wks. 1874 II. 267 Nor can this obligation be denied..upon any principles, but such as subvert all other obligations. 1786Burke Art. agst. W. Hastings Wks. 1842 II. 205 In order to subvert the plain and natural interpretation given by the council to the orders of the court of directors. 1803–6Wordsw. Excurs. ix. 132 Our active powers..become Strong to subvert our noxious qualities. 1830Herschel Study Nat. Phil. iii. v. (1851) 338 The strongest chemical affinities were thus readily subverted by the decomposing action of the pile. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India I. 507 If the constitution of the British Indian empire were subverted, the civil and military services would be broken down. 1861Buckle Civilisation II. iii. 259 James..attempted..to subvert the liberties of Scotland.
absol.1790Burke Rev. France 102 They have a power given to them, like that of the evil principle, to subvert and destroy.
7. To bring about the overthrow or ruin of (a † person, people, or country, a dynasty, etc.).
1529More Suppl. Soulys Wks. 302/2 To make an open insurreccion & subuerte all the realme. 1535Coverdale Isa. xxxvii. 9 Thou knowest well, how the kinges of Assiria haue handled all the londes, that they haue subuerted. 1549–62Sternhold & H. Ps. cxlv. (1566) 367 But he them al that wicked are, wil vtterly subuert. 1610Healey St. Aug. Citie God 389 Hee [sc. Scipio] subdued Africa, and subverted Haniball. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 568 By things deemd weak Subverting worldly strong. 1827Hallam Const. Hist. iii. (1876) I. 135 Nothing so much strengthens any government as an unsuccessful endeavour to subvert it. 1841Elphinstone Hist. India I. 403 The inscriptions lead us to think that the dynasty subverted by the Mussulmans was of more recent origin. 1869Gladstone Juv. Mundi vi. 156 That the Pelopids did not simply subvert, or succeed to, a prior dynasty, but that they held a new dominion. |