| 释义 |
disgorge, v.|dɪsˈgɔːdʒ|
[ad. OF. desgorger (mod.F. dégorger, whence degorge), f. des-, dis- 4 + gorge throat, gorge: cf. It. (di)sgorgare.]
1. trans. To eject or throw out from, or as from, the gorge or throat; to vomit forth (what has been swallowed).
c1477Caxton Jason 75 The which thre bestes so dredefull disgorged and caste out fyre of their throtes. 1601Holland Pliny I. 307 [Rats] swallow..them whole downe the gullet, and afterwards straine and struggle..vntill they disgorge again the feathers and bones that were in their bellies. 1677Otway Cheats of Scapin ii. i, How easily a Miser swallows a load, and how difficultly he disgorges a grain. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VII. 311 The leech..disgorges the blood it has swallowed, and it is then kept for repeated application. 1873Miss Thackeray Old Kensington ii, Jonah's whale swallowed and disgorged him night after night.
b. fig. To discharge as if from a mouth; to empty forth; esp. to give up what has been wrongfully appropriated.
a1529Skelton Trouth & Information (R.) But woo to suche informers..That.. Disgorgith theyr veneme. 1587Turberv. Trag. T. (1837) 228 Disgorge thy care, abandon feare. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. Prol. 12 The deepe-drawing Barke do there disgorge Their warlike frautage. 1776Gibbon Decl. & F. I. iv. 84 The dens of the amphitheatre disgorged at once a hundred lions. 1808Wellington in Gurw. Desp. IV. 121 Some mode..to make the French Generals disgorge the church plate which they have stolen. 1855Prescott Philip II, I. ii. iii. 173 It was..time that the prisons should disgorge their superfluous victims. 1882J. Taylor Sc. Covenanters (Cassell) 153 The grandson..was compelled to disgorge the property of which the General had plundered the Covenanters.
c. absol.
1608R. Armin Nest Ninn. 7 The World, ready to disgorge at so homely a present. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 223 After I had disgorg'd abundantly, I fell into a sound sleepe. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 158 The river Nile..disgorging at seaven mouthes Into the Sea. 1794Sullivan View Nat. II. Y iij, Caverns full of water..disgorging upon the earth. 1868Milman St. Paul's 351 At the Restoration he was forced to disgorge.
2. trans. To discharge or empty (the stomach, mouth, breast, etc.).
c1592Marlowe Massacre Paris iii. ii, Then come, proud Guise, and here disgorge thy breast. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, i. iii. 97 So, so, (thou common Dogge) did'st thou disgorge Thy glutton-bosome of the Royall Richard. 1637Heywood Dial. i. Wks. 1874 VI. 100 Their stomacks some disgorg'd. 1861Hulme tr. Moquin-Tandon ii. iii. iv. 146 It was the custom to throw away all leeches which had been used; they are now disgorged, and preserved for a future occasion.
b. refl. To empty or discharge oneself.
1607J. King Serm. 27 Nov., They..want but meanes and matter wherein to disgordg themselues. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) I. 9 The sea..meeting..rivers that descend from Germany to disgorge themselves into him. 1679Establ. Test 24 If the Spirit moves, he can disgorge himself against the Priests of Baal, the Hirelings. 1712Addison Spect. No. 309 ⁋15 The four Rivers which disgorge themselves into the Sea of Fire. 1868Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1879) I. 231 Several vessels were disgorging themselves.
†3. Farriery. To dissipate an engorgement or congestion [cf. F. dégorger in same sense]. Obs.
1727Bailey vol. II., Disgorge [with Farriers] is to discuss or disperse an Inflammation or swelling. 1737[see degorge]. 1753Chambers Cycl. Suppl. s.v., If a horse's legs are gorged or swelled, we say he must be walked out to disgorge them. [1775Ash mispr. Disgore; whence in some mod. Dicts.]
Hence disˈgorged ppl. a., disˈgorging vbl. n.
1611Cotgr., Desgorgé, disgorged. Desgorgement, a disgorging. 1632Lithgow Trav. vi. 255 Woefull accidents, and superabounding disgorgings [floods]. 1681N. Resbury Fun. Serm. 9 As he had been a mighty devourer of Books, so his very disgorgings..had generally more relish than the first cookery. 1822T. L. Peacock Maid Marian xiv, The reluctant disgorgings of fat abbots and usurers.
▸ trans. Winemaking. To remove sediment from (champagne or sparkling wine) after secondary fermentation by expelling it under pressure from an inverted bottle; to remove (sediment) in this way. Cf. méthode champenoise n.
The technique typically involves allowing the sediment to settle on the cap of an inverted bottle and then rapidly removing the cap in such a way that the sediment is expelled, along with a minimal amount of wine; the process is now usually facilitated by freezing the neck of the bottle.
1817Monthly Rev. 83 App. 471 For the manner of disgorging the sparkling wines of Champagne, see the Butler's Manual. 1886Hamilton (Ohio) Daily Democrat (Electronic text) 20 Dec. The wine cleans itself, however, and finally all the deposit collects in a lump on the cork from which it is ‘disgorged’, literally blown out, cork and all. 1905Times 4 July 11/6 The only men who must depend on their judgement are those who shake the bottles, and those who ‘disgorge’ the wine. 1988Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) (Nexis) 4 July (Living section) b2 A quick-handed cellar master could take the upside-down bottles,..pop the cork, and twist the bottle upright in one deft motion, disgorging the sediment and an ounce or so of cloudy wine. 2005L. L. Narlock & N. Garfinkel Wine Lover's Guide to Wine Country 277 You'll have the chance to get your hands a little dirty when you disgorge, dosage, and label your very own bottle of sparkling wine to take home. |