| 释义 |
substantiate, v.|səbˈstænʃɪeɪt|
[f. mod.L. substantiāt-, pa. ppl. stem of substantiāre, f. substantia substance: see -ate3. Cf. It. sostanziare, Sp., Pg. substanciar.]
1. trans. To give substance or substantial existence to, make real or substantial.
1657Trapp Comm. Ps. xxviii. 7 Faith substantiateth things not yet seen. 1726Ayliffe Parergon 148 The Accidental of any Act, is said to be whatever advenes to the Act itself already substantiated. 1812Coleridge Friend (1818) III. 187 Substantiating appearances into facts of science. 1863Cowden Clarke Shaks. Char. iv. 107 The creative power of the fancy is a blessed gift in itself; but he substantiates that gift who converts it into the ordinary occurrences of daily life. 1877E. Caird Philos. Kant iii. 44 Human thought substantiates accidents, and treats the finite as if it were infinite.
2. To give solidity to, make firm, strengthen.
1792V. Knox Serm. (Isa. xlvii. 8) Wks. 1824 VI. 99 He would sweeten and substantiate them [their enjoyments] by giving them a better foundation. 1827Hare Guesses (1859) 242 Our lighter thoughts require the graver to substantiate them and keep them from evaporating. 1835I. Taylor Spir. Despot. ii. 55 In this endeavour of the clergy to substantiate their honours and revenues. 1858Froude Hist. Eng. III. 450 To pass through France..in a manner so..confidential as..might contribute towards substantiating his relations with Francis.
3. To give substantial form to, embody, body forth.
1784J. Barry Lect. Painting ii. (1848) 113 The difficulties of execution, which must embody and substantiate this conception. 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1752, Particular qualities in the person he admires, the impressions of which are too..delicate to be substantiated in language. c1811Fuseli Lect. Painting iv. (1848) 448 That power which, in our days, substantiated humour in Sterne, comedy in Garrick. 1841Emerson Ess., Friendship 196 As many thoughts in succession substantiate themselves.
4. To demonstrate or verify by proof or evidence; to make good.
1803Malthus Popul. (ed. 2) 140 In a tribe on the frontiers of Junapore,..the practice of destroying female infants has been fully substantiated. 1808Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1835) IV. 165 If the Court should wish it, it can be substantiated by evidence. 1815Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1816) I. 55 That this substantiates the charge of cruelty against us I altogether deny. 1884Contemp. Rev. Oct. 514 There is nothing to substantiate his integrity or competency.
Hence subˈstantiating vbl. n. and ppl. a.; subˈstantiative a., serving to substantiate; substantiˈator, one who substantiates.
1775Ash, Substantiating, the act of making to exist. 1812Coleridge Friend (1818) III. 264 The substantiating principle of all true wisdom. c1814― in Lit. Rem. (1838) III. 71 The conscience is to the spirit or reason what the understanding is to the sense, a substantiative power. 1853Ruskin Stones Ven. III. iv. §23. 183 The difference between the substantiating and the imaginative methods of finish. 1884Pall Mall Gaz. 27 Oct. 4/1 The untrimmed skirt..with only a few substantiating tucks round the bottom. 1906Cornh. Mag. May 663 What value he has is that of the substantiator of other accounts. |