| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈsubnormal, n.
1. Geom. [ad. mod.L. subnormalis (sc. linea line): see sub- 1 and normal.] That part of the axis of abscissas which is intercepted between the ordinate and the normal at any point of the curve.
1710J. Harris Lex. Techn. II. s.v., This Subnormal in the Common or Apollonian Parabola, is a Determinate Invariable Quantity; for 'tis always equal to half the Parameter of the Axis. 1715in Rigaud Corr. Sci. Men (1841) II. 421 Because the curve AI is given, its subnormal GD will be given. 1842Francis Dict. Arts s.v., In all curves the subnormal is the third proportional to the subtangent and the ordinate. 1885Eagles Constr. Geom. Plane Curves 62 The focus F is found by drawing the normal at any point D, bisecting the sub-normal NG and setting off AF = ½ NG.
2. [sub- 14: see sense b of the adj., below.] Educ. and Psychol. One who is below normal in academic or general ability.
1916L. M. Terman Measurement of Intelligence vi. 78 Conversely, we may say regarding the subnormals that:—the child testing at (about) 90 is equaled or excelled by 80 out of 100. 1956J. F. Horner Summary of Scientology 15 The children who get extra attention are the subnormals. 1975N. O'Connor in Kirman & Bicknell Mental Handicap iv. 102 The generally slowed reaction time to both visual and auditory, simple and complex stimulus-response situations which characterizes all subnormals.
▪ II. subˈnormal, a.
[sub- 14.]
a. Less than normal, below the normal. Chiefly Med.
1890Billings Nat. Med. Dict., Subnormal, less than usual. 1897Month Sept. 329 All subnormal or supernormal phenomena of the soul. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 728 The temperature [in colic] is usually rather subnormal.
b. Educ. and Psychol. Of a level of intelligence and general ability which is below a predetermined standard of normality. See also educationally subnormal adj. phr. s.v. educationally adv.
1919H. Woodrow Brightness & Dullness in Children ii. 22 In 1904, the French Minister of Public Instruction made him [sc. Binet] a member of a commission appointed for the purpose of organizing classes for subnormal children... How were subnormal children to be positively distinguished? 1935C. L. Burt (title) The subnormal mind. Ibid. ii. 77 In another 12 per cent. the parent, though not intellectually subnormal, was more or less unstable. 1940A. O. Heck Educ. Exceptional Children xxiii. 342 Frequently, children are referred to as bright, average and subnormal. 1958K. Lovell Educ. Psychol. xii. 149 Those whose IQ's are within the range from about 80–55 will usually be classified as educationally subnormal. 1975N. O'Connor in Kirman & Bicknell Mental Handicap iv. 102 Within the subnormal group, abnormal EEG was a poor indicator for prognosis. |