| 释义 |
▪ I. disadvantage, n.|dɪsædˈvɑːntɪdʒ, -æ-|
Also 4–6 des-, 5 dys-.
[ME. des-, disavauntage, a. F. désavantage (13th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), f. des-, dis- 4 + avantage advantage.]
1. Absence or deprivation of advantage; an unfavourable condition or circumstance.
1530Palsgr. 213/2 Disavauntage, desauantaige. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. iii. 36 Him did you leaue vn-seconded by you, To looke vpon the hideous God of Warre, In disaduantage. 1607― Cor. i. vi. 49 Martius we have at disaduantage fought And did retyre to win our purpose. 1639Fuller Holy War iv. xii. (1840) 199 Never could the Christian religion be showed to Pagans..on more disadvantages. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 180 ⁋3 Every condition has its disadvantages. 1782Cowper Let. 7 Mar., You must have seen her to a disadvantage. 1837Disraeli Venetia ii. ii, Her regret of the many disadvantages under which he laboured. 1881Jowett Thucyd. I. 85 A noble nature should not be revenged by taking at a disadvantage one as good as himself.
2. Detriment, loss, or injury to interest; diminution of or prejudice to credit or reputation.
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 351 Whoso synneþ for avantage of himsilf, his synne makiþ disavauntage of þat þat he weneþ turne to good. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 161 childern leueþ Freynsch & construeþ & lurneþ an Englysch, & habbeþ þer-by avauntage in on syde, & desauauntage yn anoþer. 1488–9Act 4 Hen. VII, c. 22 Your seid liegemen..susteyn and bere grete losses hinderaunce and disavauntage. 1618Naunton in Fortesc. Papers 68 They speake there all they can to the disadvantage of our nation. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 431 Some disadvantage we endur'd and paine, Till now not known. 1711Steele Spect. No. 136 ⁋3, I..never speak Things to any Man's Disadvantage. 1755Johnson s.v. He sold to disadvantage. 18..Bancroft (Webster 1864) They would throw a construction on his conduct to his disadvantage before the public. Mod. Having to realize on a falling market we had to sell to disadvantage.
▪ II. disadˈvantage, v.
[f. prec. n.: cf. advantage v., and F. désavantage-r (1507 in Hatz.-Darm.), f. désavantage n.]
trans. To cause disadvantage to; to place in an unfavourable position; to affect unfavourably.
c1534tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. (Camden) I. 262 Canulus..knew that the pollicie of his adversarie wolde muche disadvayntage him. 1579–80North Plutarch (1676) 951 He..made their lands waste, to disadvantage their enemies by so much the more. 1647Ward Simp. Cobler 73 Sun and wind cannot disadvantage you. 1731Fielding Let. Writers iii. vi, You will be disadvantaged by the discovery. 1871Browning Balaust. 414 Yet faltering too..As somehow disadvantaged, should they strive.
Hence disadˈvantaged ppl. a. (absol., esp. in Sociol.), disadˈvantaging vbl. n.
1611Cotgr., Desavantagé, disaduantaged. 1646J. Saltmarsh Smoke in Temple 2 To the advantaging or disadvantaging the cause. 1648Boyle Seraph. Love x. (1700) 58 Their..disadvantaged Beauty is made the Compliment and Hyperbole of that Quality. 1879H. Spencer Data of Ethics xi. §69. 188 The uniform principle has been that the ill-adapted, disadvantaged in the struggle for existence, shall bear the consequent evils. 1934H. G. Wells Exper. Autobiogr. II. viii. 572 This mannered ungraciousness towards disadvantaged people. 1949R. K. Merton Social Theory (1951) i. 76 Social mobility for the otherwise disadvantaged. 1962Amer. Speech XXXVII. 18 A large mass of bottom-income, unskilled, manual, and service workers, including what our sociologist colleagues call the ‘disadvantaged’. 1966Sat. Rev. 16 Apr. 100/1 Schools in economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Ibid. 104/1 It's the familiar story of the disadvantaged child. 1967Boston Globe 20 May 2/2 He said urban school teachers generally hold ‘negative and fearful attitudes toward the disadvantaged and disordered youngsters in their schools’. 1970New Yorker 26 Sept. 108/2 A revolt by the disadvantaged aimed at those holding power. |