| 释义 |
‖ struma|ˈstruːmə|
Pl. strumæ; also 6 strumas, 7 -aes, 7–8 -a's. See also strume.
[mod.L. use of L. strūma scrofulous tumour.]
1. Path.
a. = scrofula. Also applied to goitre or bronchocele, and to tubercular disease, esp. in mod.L. specific designations as struma aberrata, struma adiposa, etc.
1565J. Hall Lanfranc's Chirurg., Expos. Table 46 For if by melancholy they become scirrhous, he calleth them Scrophulas, but Galen nameth them Strumas. 1575Banister Chyrurg. i. (1585) 92 Struma is called of the barbarous sort, Scrofula, and englished the Kinge's or Queenes euill. 1655Culpeper, etc. Riverius x. iv. 290 Al the Mesaraick Veins..be stopped, as in Children who have the Struma, or Kings Evil. 1676Wiseman Surg. Treat. iv. ii. 248 If this acid Humour be simple, the Disease is a simple Struma; if joined with a malignity, or any other Humour, it makes a mixt Tumour, as Struma maligna, Phlegmonodes, Schirrhodes, Oedematodes, &c. 1784T. White (title) A Treatise on Struma or Scrophula, commonly called the King's Evil. 1843R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxix. 393 The constitution of the patient rapidly gives way under the continuation of struma. 1878W. J. Walsham Handbk. Surg. Pathol. 41 Struma or scrofula manifests itself in bone either as a low form of chronic ostitis..or as a deposit of miliary tubercles.
b. A scrofulous swelling or tumour. Also, a goitre, bronchocele (rare).
1654J. Webster Acad. Exam. 74 Great and dangerous sores, as the Lupus,..Elephantiasis, Strumaes. 1670T. Brooks Wks. (1867) VI. 426 That one man dies..of an apoplexy in the head, another of a struma in the neck. 1676Wiseman Surg. Treat. iv. ii. 249 When he wakened his Neck was full of Strumæ on both sides, some as big as Walnuts. Ibid., iv. iv. 299 He had also a Struma ulcerated in each Arm. Ibid., He had also in the Groin of the same side a Cluster of Strumæ. 1684J. Browne (title) Adenochoiradelogia: or An Anatomick-Chirurgical Treatise of Glandules & Strumaes, or Kings-Evil-Swellings. 1693Dryden Juvenal Ded. (1697) 28 A Bunch or Struma under the Chin. 1753R. Russell Diss. Sea Water 142 Struma's are apt to rise again near their old Cicatrices.
c. struma lymphomatosa [mod.L., coined in Ger. (H. Hashimoto 1912, in Arch. f. klin. Chir. XCVII. 219)], = Hashimoto's disease s.v. Hashimoto; Riedel's struma [Riedel], a rare condition of uncertain status in which the thyroid becomes hard, nodular, and fibrotic.
1931Arch. Surg. XXII. 548 Recent writers have stated that struma lymphomatosa is the early stage of Riedel's struma, despite the fact that Hashimoto..definitely rejected such a relationship. 1947H. Selye Textbk. Endocrinol. 714/2 The etiology of struma lymphomatosa is unknown but its histologic characteristics are not typical of inflammatory lesions. 1966[see Riedel]. 1974S. L. Robbins Path. Basis Dis. xxix. 1328/1 In years past, Riedel's struma was thought to be the fibrotic end-stage of struma lymphomatosa.
2. Bot. A cellular dilatation on a leaf-stalk at the point where the petiole joins the lamina or where the midrib joins the leaflets of a compound leaf. See also quot. 1866.
1832Lindley Introd. Bot. i. ii. 95 At the opposite extremity of the petiole, where it is connected with the lamina, a similar swelling is often remarkable..: this is called the struma, or, by the French bourrelet. 1861Bentley Man. Bot. 174 A somewhat similar swelling may be also seen in many compound leaves at the base of each partial petiole, which is termed the struma. 1866Treas. Bot., Struma,..A protuberance at the base of the spore-cases of some urn⁓mosses. |