| 释义 |
▪ I. struck, pa. pple. and ppl. a.|strʌk|
[pa. pple. of strike v.]
†A. pa. pple. in special use = stricken A, strucken A.
1594Shakes. Rich. III, i. i. 92 His Noble Queene [is] Well strooke [1597 Qo. stroke] in yeares. 1629Quarles Argalus & P. iii. 124 An old gray pilgrime, deeply strucke in yeares. 1787Minor iv. ii. 206 A person struck in years, and of a noble deportment, approached.
B. ppl. a.
1. Subjected to a blow or stroke.
1627May Lucan iv. F 5, Make the strooke earth to deluge peruious. 1693J. O. tr. Cowley's Hist. Plants i. C.'s Wks. 1721 III. 272 As soon as Musick from struck Strings rebounds. 1821J. Baillie Metr. Leg., Lady G. Baillie xvii, Then from the struck flint flew the spark. 1851W. Pole in Rimbault Pianoforte (1860) 185 The elasticity of the struck wire would send it [sc. the hammer] down with such force that it rebounded. 1875A. J. Ellis tr. Heimholtz' Sensat. Tone i. v. 108 The differences in the quality of tone of struck strings.
b. Wounded: = stricken ppl. a. B. 1. rare.
1809Byron Bards & Rev. 841 So the struck eagle..View'd his own feather on the fatal dart. 1819Shelley Cenci i. ii. 12 Your image, as the hunter some struck deer, Follows me.
†2. Of a battle: = stricken B. 6. Obs.
1618–19Beaum. & Fl. Bonduca i. i, Ten struck Battels I suckt these honour'd scars from.
3. Marked, grooved.
1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. iii. 47 Those wheels that have more than one Groove in them are called Two, Three, &c. Struck-wheels. 1678Ibid. v. 83 You must not Saw just upon the struck line.
4. Of a jury: (See quot. 1856. Cf. strike v. 14.)
1856Bouvier Amer. Law Dict., Struck Jury, a special jury selected by striking from the pannel of jurors, a certain number by each party, so as to leave a number required by law to try the cause. 1902Linn Story of Mormons 308 A struck jury was obtained.
b. struck-off: of persons in certain professions, debarred from practising by having one's name deleted from the register of those qualified. Cf. strike v. 13 b, 82.
1963Sunday Express 27 Jan. 23/3 A struck-off doctor—now a dope addict. 1972E. Routley Puritan Pleasures of Detective Story ii. vii. 74 An unexpected meeting with a struck-off solicitor turned private detective. 1976E. Ward Hanged Man xxix. 189 Are you really a doctor?.. You sound like a struck-off vet.
5. Of a measure: Levelled with a strickle. = stricken B. 4, striked.
1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. x. 168 Nine struck bushels are reckoned as equal to eight heaped. 1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-mining 245 Struck, level full; strickle measure.
6. Of a plant: That has put forth roots, rooted.
1856Delamer Fl. Garden (1861) 172 Pot off your struck chrysanthemums.
7. In various industrial arts.
a. Impressed with a device by means of a die.
1881A. Watt Mech. Industr. 190 Another..branch of cheap jewellery manufacture consists in what is called ‘struck’ work. Thin sheet gold alloy of various qualities is struck by means of a die into any desired form, by which a hollow shell is obtained; this is then filled by fusing into it a quantity of silver solder. 1886B. V. Head in L. Jewitt's Eng. Coins & Tokens 128 Modern casts made from ancient struck originals... The lettering and the types on cast coins are also less sharply defined than on struck coins.
b. Electrometallurgy. (See quot. 1881.)
1881A. Watt Scientific Industr. II. 150 It is necessary that the article should be struck,..that is, receive an immediate coating directly after immersion, when deposition may be allowed to progress more slowly. 1909Century Dict. Suppl. (citing Houston Dict. Elect.).
c. (See quot.)
1895Funk's Stand. Dict., Struck fish, fish saturated with salt and then smoked.
d. struck up: (of tinware) raised or fashioned by means of a press.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2466/1 Other swages operate in drop or lever presses upon sheet-metal; forming the struck-up tinware, such as pie-pans, [etc.].
e. struck joint (Building): a joint in which the mortar between two courses of bricks is sloped inwards so as to be flush with the surface of one but below that of the other.
1876Notes Building Construction II. xiii 219 Struck Joints should be formed by pressing back the upper portion of the joint while the mortar is moist, so as to form a sloping surface which throws off the wet. 1948Archit. Rev. CIV. 20 (caption) Brick external walls are finished in buff face brick with struck joints. 1978S. Martin Build your own House (ed. 7) v. 75 The flush joint and the struck weathered joint are formed with a trowel.
8. Of, pertaining to, or affected by an industrial strike. Chiefly U.S.
1894S. & B. Webb Hist. Trade Unionism ii. 80 Finding that the yarn was for a ‘struck shop’. 1937N.Y. Times 16 June 1/6 The Republic Steel Corporation..asked for a mandamus writ to compel Postmaster General Farley..to deliver to people in its struck plants ‘all matter properly mailable’. 1939Sun (Baltimore) 21 July 2/6, 60,000 butchers in retail shops would refuse to handle ‘struck products’. 1947Ibid. 14 Oct. 24/1 The league said it would withdraw its charges.., provided the union would delete its ‘closed shop’ and ‘struck work’ clauses. 1962Aeroplane 12 Apr. 16/1 Since 1958 the same eight airlines..have had a mutual aid agreement whereby a ‘struck’ company receives from the others any excess revenues attributable to the strike, less additional expenses. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. b5/3 Men and women who make a living by working on struck newspapers. 1977Time 27 June 35/2 Not since World War II, when President Roosevelt threatened to call out the armed forces to reopen struck mines, has the union played such an important role in the nation's well-being.
9. Comb.: † struck-blind adj.
c1611Chapman Iliad v. 300 It..made th' Heroe stay His strooke-blind temples on his hand.
▪ II. struck, n.|strʌk|
[Subst. use of struck pa. pple. and ppl. a.]
A bacterial disease of sheep causing sudden convulsive death after few symptoms; orig. more loosely in dial. use.
[1784: see strike v. 45 d] .1903Jrnl. S.-E. Agric. College xii. 86 First and most prominent is the disease commonly known as ‘struck’, or ‘struck in the blood’. These terms appear to be somewhat loosely applied to any cases of sudden death in sheep... There is, however, especially in the marsh lands of Kent,..a disease in which few symptoms of a definite character are ever seen, owing to the rapid approach of death, and to which the term ‘struck’ is intended to be applied. [1904Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 827/1 Ken[t]. A sheep which dies suddenly of a disease akin to apoplexy is said to die ‘struck’. ]1929Jrnl. Compar. Path. & Therapeutics XLIII. 1 The term ‘struck’ is applied by the farming community [of Romney Marsh] to a rapid and fatal disease where post-mortem examination reveals an acute inflammatory condition in one or more of the following parts of the body: areas of muscular tissue, organs in the abdominal cavity, and organs in the thoracic cavity. 1966T. Dalling Internat. Encycl. Vet. Med. I. 640 The classical type [of Clostridium perfringens Type C] was shown to be the cause of ‘Struck’ (Romney Marsh disease). 1972TV Vet Sheep Bk. lxii. 169/1 All the clostridial diseases—enterotoxaemia, pulpy kidney, lamb dysentery, struck (blackleg),..can and should be prevented by vaccinating the ewe flock. |