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diathermancy Physics.|daɪəˈθɜːmənsɪ|
[ad. F. diathermansie, formed by Melloni, 1833, from Gr. διά through + θέρµανσις heating, f. θερµαίνειν to heat. The French ending follows the analogy of paralysie for Gr. παράλυσις. The Eng. ending simulates the -ncy of transparency, buoyancy.
Melloni's original term was diathermanéïté, from diathermane adj. (Ann. Chim. et Phys. 1833, LIII. 59, LV. 396, Phil. Mag. 1835 VII. 476); the latter was, according to him, ‘f. διά + θερµαίνω, in imitation of diaphane, f. διά + ϕαίνω to show.’ But the analogy was not exact: diaphane is not derived from διά and ϕαίνω, only from the same root; and in θερµαίνω, -αίνω does not belong to the root, but is a verbal suffix, the stem being θερµ-. Diathermane was first rendered in Eng. diathermal, but after 1837 generally diathermanous. To express the notion of ‘coloration ou teinte calorifique’, Melloni introduced diathermansie, f. Gr. διά + θέρµανσις heating (Ann. Chim. et Phys. LV. 377). But the distinction between diathermanéïté and diathermansie appears not to have been generally appreciated; in the Eng. translation of Melloni's paper in Taylor's Scientific Memoirs, 1837, I. 72, diathermancy is used for both F. words, and English writers generally have used it in the sense of Melloni's diathermanéïté. For these and other reasons, Melloni afterwards (Comptes Rendus, 1841, XIII. 815) abandoned his original terms, and gave a new nomenclature: viz. diathermique adj., instead of diathermane; diathermasie (ad. Gr. διαθερµασία) in place of diathermanéïté; and thermochrose for diathermansie ‘colouring or tint of heat’, with corresponding adj. thermochroïque. But, though some English writers have thence used diathermic and diathermacy, most have continued to employ diathermanous and diathermancy, the latter in the sense not of Melloni's diathermansie, but of his diathermanéïté or diathermasie.]
†1. orig. The property, possessed by radiant heat, of being composed of rays of different refrangibilities, varying in rate or degree of transmission through diathermic substances; thermochrosy; also called heat-colour. Obs.
[1833Melloni in Ann. Chim. et Phys. LV. 377 Les rayons calorifiques..possèdent, pour ainsi dire, la diathermansie propre à chaque substance qu'ils ont traversée. (Note) Je prends diathermansie comme l'équivalent de coloration ou teinte calorifique.] 1837transl. in Taylor Scientific Mem. I. 61 The calorific rays..possess (if we may use the term) the diathermancy peculiar to each of the substances through which they have passed. (Note) I employ the word diathermancy as the equivalent of calorific coloration or calorific tint. ― Ibid. 69 They diminish the quantity of heat transmitted by the glass without altering its diathermancy [diathermansie].
2. Now: The property of being diathermic or diathermanous; perviousness to radiant heat; = diathermaneity.
[1833Melloni in Ann. Chim. et Phys. LV. 396 Les couleurs introduites dans un milieu diaphane diminuent toujours plus ou moins sa diathermanéïté.] 1837transl. in Taylor Scientific Mem. I. 72 The colours introduced into a diaphanous medium always diminish its diathermancy in a greater or less degree. 1843A. Smee Sources Phys. Sc. 194 The extent to which interposed bodies allow radiation is called the extent of diathermancy. 1857Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. (ed. 3) II. 399 Their power of transmitting heat, which has been called diathermancy. 1863Tyndall Heat ix. 296 Diathermancy bears the same relation to radiant heat that transparency does to light. 1893Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 Apr. 684/1 Perhaps the diathermancy is the most striking feature of mountain climates, as it affords an explanation of the great solar temperatures which prevail during the day..and of the great nocturnal radiation. |