| 释义 |
diamagnetic, a. and n.|ˌdaɪəmægˈnɛtɪk|
[f. Gr. δια- dia- prefix1 through, across + magnetic.
Introduced by Faraday in 1846, first as n., and then as adj.]
A. adj.
1. Of a body or substance: Exhibiting the phenomena of diamagnetism; the opposite of magnetic or paramagnetic.
A diamagnetic substance in the form of a bar or the like, when suspended freely and exposed to magnetic force, takes an equatorial position, i.e. at right angles to the lines of the force; a paramagnetic (or magnetic) substance takes an axial position, i.e. in the direction of those lines.
1846Faraday Exper. Res. in Electr. in Phil. Trans. I. 42 §2348 The metals which are magnetic retain a portion of their power after the great change has been effected, or in what might be called their diamagnetic state. 1849M. Somerville Connect. Phys. Sc. xxxiii. 369 Substances affected after the manner of bismuth [when suspended between the poles of an electro-magnet] are said to be diamagnetic. 1863–72Watts Dict. Chem. III. 777 The same body may appear magnetic or diamagnetic, according to the medium in which it is placed. 1892Supplt. to Lightning 7 Jan. 9 Diamagnetic substances are those through which magnetic effects are transmitted less readily than through air.
2. Belonging or relating to diamagnetic bodies, or to diamagnetism.
1846Faraday Exper. Res. Electr. in Phil. Trans. I. 26 §2270, As I have called air, glass, water, etc. diamagnetics (2149), so I will distinguish these lines by the term diamagnetic curves, both in relation to and contradistinction from the lines called magnetic curves. 1851H. Mayo Pop. Superst. (ed. 2) 190 Od-force, which its discoverer now holds to be the same with the diamagnetic influence. 1855H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (1872) I. i. iv. 69 Altering the direction of diamagnetic polarity in metals.
B. n. A body or substance exhibiting the phenomena of diamagnetism.
1846Faraday Exper. Res. Electr. in Phil. Trans. I. 2 §2149 By a diamagnetic, I mean a body through which lines of magnetic force are passing, and which by their action does not assume the usual magnetic state of iron or loadstone. Ibid. 3 §2152 A piece of this glass, about two inches square and 0·5 of an inch thick, having flat and polished edges, was placed as a diamagnetic between the poles. 1871Tyndall Fragm. Sc. (1879) I. xiii. 375 The body used to excite this diamagnetic. |