| 释义 |
diaˈlectical, a. (n.)
[f. as prec. + -al1.]
A. adj.
1. a. = dialectic a. 1.
1548Gest Pr. Masse 116 Theyr argumentation is nothing dialectical. 1656Stanley Hist. Philos. v. (1701) 164 Speech..Dialectical, used by such as discourse in short questions and answers. 1657North's Plutarch Add. Lives (1676) 39 Instructed in the Rhetorical, Dialectical, and Astrological Arts. 1850Grote Greece ii. lxvii. VIII. 460 Dialectical skill in no small degree is indispensable. 1876A. M. Fairbairn in Contemp. Rev. June 132 The dialectical pot in which ecclesiastical dogma had been cooked.
b. Belonging to, or of the nature of, dialectic in its later philosophical developments of meaning. spec. dialectical materialism, the theory propagated by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels according to which political events or social phenomena are to be interpreted as a conflict of social forces (the ‘class struggle’) produced by the operation of economic causes, and history is to be interpreted as a series of contradictions and their solutions (the thesis, antithesis, and synthesis of Hegelian philosophy). So dialectical materialist. See dialectic n.1 2.
1788Reid Aristotle's Log. v. §1. 106 When the premises are not certain but probable only, such syllogisms are called dialectical. 1838[F. Haywood] tr. Kant's Crit. Pure Reason 64 Universal Logic, considered as Organon, is always a Logic of Appearance, that is, is dialectical. 1874W. Wallace Logic Hegel vi. 128 The physical elements prove to be Dialectical. The process of meteorological action is the appearance of their Dialectic. 1877E. Caird Philos. Kant ii. xviii. 633 The Cosmological argument is a nest of dialectical assumptions. 1888Watson Philos. Kant 289 Pure reason is always dialectical. [1891–92G. Plechanow in Neue Zeit X. i. 278 Die dialektische Methode—das war das wichtigste wissenschaftliche Vermächtniss, das der deutsche Idealismus seinem Erben, dem modernen Materialismus, hinterlassen hat... Der moderne dialektische Materialismus weiss..besser als der Idealismus, dass die Menschen ihre Geschichte unbewusst machen.] 1927D. Kvitko tr. Lenin's Materialism ii. 107 As far as dialectical materialism is concerned there does not exist a fixed immutable boundary between relative and absolute truth. 1934Discovery Feb. 31/2 This conversion of the quantitative into the qualitative..is stressed by dialectical materialists today. 1934V. Adoratsky (title) Dialectical materialism. The theoretical foundation of Marxism-Leninism. 1936M. Plowman Faith called Pacifism 26 They pride themselves on being dialectical materialists, unencumbered by any ethical humbug. 1939‘G. Orwell’ Coming up for Air iii. i. 185 A lot of stuff that nobody else understood, such as dialectical materialism and the destiny of the proletariat and what Lenin said in 1918. 1963V. Nabokov Gift iv. 237 Such methods of knowledge as dialectical materialism curiously resemble the unscrupulous advertisements for patent medicines, which cure all illnesses at once.
2. = dialectic a. 2.
1876C. M. Davies Unorth. Lond. 356, I entertained pleasant recollections from certain experiences at the Dialectical Society.
3. = dialectal.
1750Hodges Job Prel. Disc. (T.) At that time the Hebrew and Arabick language was the same, with a small dialectical variation only. 1847Halliwell Dict. Pref. (1878) 7 Separating mere dialectical forms. 1861Max Müller Sc. Lang. v. 199 A language, not yet Sanskrit or Greek or German, but containing the dialectical germs of all.
B. n. = dialectic n.1 1.
a1529Skelton Replyc. 96 In your dialecticall And principles sillogisticall If ye to remembrance call. |