| 释义 |
stricken, pa. pple. and ppl. a.|ˈstrɪk(ə)n|
[pa. pple. of strike v.]
A. pa. pple. in special sense. (For other uses see strike v.) stricken in years (earlier † stricken on, in age, stricken in elde): advanced in years. arch. (See also struck, strucken.)
The pple. in these phrases belongs to strike v. in the intransitive sense ‘to go’. Cf. the equivalent stepped (stape, stopen) in years (step v. 4).
c1380Sir Ferumb. 3481 Sirs, ȝe knoweþ wel þat y am sumdel stryken on age. c1400Sc. Trojan War (Horstm.) 2621, I ame now so strikine in elde, That I þe kynryk may nocht welde. 1535Coverdale Gen. xviii. 11 And Abraham and Sara were both olde, & well stryken in age. 1542Udall tr. Erasm. Apoph. 37 b, He learned to plaie on the harpe after yt he was well striken in age. a1586Sidney Arcadia i. iii. (1912) 19 He being already well striken in yeares, maried a young princes, named Gynecia. 1662J. Davies tr. Olearius' Voy. Ambass. 133 A man well stricken in years. 1709Steele Tatler No. 98 ⁋2 Though you are stricken in years, and have had great experience in the world. 1819Scott Leg. Montrose xxiii, A matron somewhat stricken in years. 1839Lane Arab. Nts. I. 84 At length there arrived..a great sage, stricken in years, who was called the sage Doobán.
B. ppl. a.
1. Of a deer (occas. of other animals): Wounded in the chase. † Also of a person: Hurt by a pointed instrument.
1513Douglas æneis iv. ii. 40 Our all the cetie enragit scho..Wandris, as ane strikin hynd. 1540Palsgr. Acolastus iv. iii. T j b, I beinge a stryken fysher, waxe wyse .i. whan a fisher man hath hurte his hande with a hoke, [etc.]. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. ii. 24 A virgin widow, whose deepe wounded mind With loue, long time did languish as the striken hind. Ibid. ii. i. 12 That shall I shew (said he) as sure, as hound The stricken Deare doth chalenge by the bleeding wound. 1603Shakes. Ham. iii. ii. 282 (Qo. 1) What, frighted with false fires? Then let the stricken [1604 Qo. 2 strooken; 1623 Fol. strucken] deere goe weepe, The Hart vngalled play. 1784Cowper Task iii. 108, I was a stricken deer, that left the herd Long since. 1885Riverside Nat. Hist. (1888) V. 202 A stricken whale has been known to stay an hour below the surface.
2. Struck with a blow.
1538Elyot Dict., Pulsatus, striken as a harpe or other instrument is, whyche hath strynges. 1803Visct. Strangford Poems of Camoens (1810) 107 The stricken flint its fires betray'd! 1815Scott Waterloo xx. 24 O! when thou..mark'st the matron's bursting tears Stream when the stricken drum she hears. 1847Tennyson Princess v. 484 Into fiery splinters leapt the lance, And out of stricken helmets sprang the fire. 1893S. Gee Auscult. & Percussion iii. (ed. 4) 60 A secondary object [in percussion] is to discover the degree of resistance or the density of the stricken spot.
b. Of a sound, musical note: Produced by striking a blow. stricken hour (arch.): a full hour as indicated by the striking of the clock.
1820Scott Monast. x, And without interruption or impatience, to listen for a stricken hour to his narration. 1855Hawthorne Eng. Note-Bks. (1807) I. 365 General ― made us a call..and sat talking a stricken hour or thereabouts. 1873Mrs. Whitney Other Girls xxxiv, A sudden stop, in speech as in music, is sometimes more significant than any stricken note.
3. Of a person, community: Afflicted with disease or sickness; overwhelmed with trouble or sorrow, and the like. Of the face: Marked with or exhibiting great trouble.
Frequent in comb., as fever- (1818), panic- (1814), pestilence- (1819), poverty- (1844), sorrow- (1819) stricken: see those words.
[1611Bible Isa. liii. 4 Yet we did esteeme him striken, smitten of God, and afflicted.] 1846Lytton Lucretia i. vii, He rather heightened than removed the picture which haunted Mainwaring—Susan, stricken, dying, broken-hearted! 1873Burton Hist. Scot. VI. lxx. 209 The generous assistant of the stricken or oppressed. 1875H. James R. Hudson xxvi, Roderick's stricken state had driven him..higher and further than he knew. 1896Mrs. Caffyn Quaker-Grandm. 222 The woman shuddered, and shrank away. Presently she lifted up a drawn, stricken face. 1904Verney Mem. II. xlvii. 269 It should have reached him the summer of the great plague, when there was but little intercourse between the ships and the stricken city [Aleppo].
b. Of the mind, heart, soul: Afflicted with frenzy, madness, grief, or the like.
1795Southey Joan of Arc i. 58 To place her with some pious sisterhood, Who..may likeliest remedy The stricken mind, or frenzied or possess'd. 1845–6Trench Huls. Lect. Ser. i. iii. 42 The good Samaritan that bound up the wounds of every stricken heart. 1897Watts-Dunton Aylwin xiii. iii, Those..know little or nothing..of the stricken soul that looks out on man..through the light of an intolerable pain.
c. jocularly. ‘Smitten’ with love. Cf. love-stricken.
1840Dickens Old C. Shop viii, A stricken market-gardener.
4. Of a measure: Having its contents levelled with the brim of the measuring vessel, as distinguished from heaped. Cf. striked ppl. a.
1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 4 §2 Be it also enacted that ther be but only viij busshelles rased and streken to the quarter of Corne. 1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 103 Wee have allwayes of a stricken bushell of corne, an upheaped bushell of meale. 1778W. H. Marshall Minutes Agric. 27 Nov. 1775, I have employed an itinerant Chaff-cutter, at 1s. the quarter of sixteen striken-bushels. Ibid. 21 May 1776, Nine cart⁓horses eat thirty quarters of chaff..about three double quarters (of sixteen bushels equal to stricken measure) a-team a-week.
5. Of a sail: Lowered.
1593Sidney's Arcadia ii. (1598) 125 The cunningest mariners were so conquered by the storme, as they thought it best with striken [ed. 1 (1590) reads striking] sailes to yeeld to be gouerned by it.
6. stricken field (rarely stricken battle): a joined engagement between armed forces or combatants; a pitched battle.
A Sc. use, restored to literary currency by Scott. Cf. the phrases to strike a battle, field s.v. strike v. 35 b.
a1700Old Ballad in Scott Waverley Note 2 E, The Highlandmen are pretty men For handling sword and shield, But yet they are but simple men To stand a stricken field. 1820Scott Abbot xviii, I never had the good fortune to see a stricken field. 1828Macaulay Misc. Writ. (1860) I. 252 He was vanquished on fields of stricken battle. 1864Burton Scot Abr. I. iii. 134 As if there had been an actual stricken field, with all the able-bodied men on both sides engaged in it.
Hence ˈstrickenly adv., † ˈstrickenness.
1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 26/1 A precious water for the strickennes, & fallinge Sicknes... For strickennes. Take Assesbloode [etc.]..and this with God his ayde will recovere agayne his speeche. 1880Mrs. C. Reade Brown Hand & White I. viii. 192 She marvels, and each succeeding year more strickenly, at the exceeding beauty of the young world. 1881D. C. Murray Joseph's Coat II. xxv. 268 ‘This is a queer start’, said the bewildered reader, staring strickenly at Joe. |