| 释义 |
▪ I. dey1 Obs. exc. dial.|deɪ|
Forms: 1 dæᵹe, 3 daie, 4, 8 deie, 4–5 deye, 5–9 dey, 9 dai, dei (dial.).
[OE. dǽᵹe, corresp. to ON. deigja, maid, female servant, house-keeper (whence Sw. deja dairy-maid):—OTeut. *daigjôn, from ablaut-stem of the vb. (in Gothic) deigan, daig, dig-un, digan-, to knead; whence Goth. daigs, OE. dáᵹ, dáh, dough.
The primitive meaning ‘kneader’, ‘maker of bread’, appears in OE. in the first quotation; in ON. and in early ME. we find the wider sense of ‘female servant’, ‘woman employed in a house or farm’. Cf. also ON. bú-deigja (bú, house, household) and mod. Norw. bu-deia, sæter-deia, agtar-deia. The same word, or a cognate derivative of the same root, is understood to form the second element in OE. hlæfdíᵹe, hlæfdiᵹe now lady. See also dairy.]
1. A woman having charge of a dairy and things pertaining to it; in early use, also, with the more general sense, female servant, maid-servant. Still in living use in parts of Scotland.
a1000Ags. Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 277/2 Pristris [for pistrix] dæᵹe. a1087Record of Contract in Earle Land-Charters 268 Her swutelað..þ̶ Godwiᵹ se bucca hæfð ᵹeboht Leofgife þa dæᵹean æt norðstoke..mid healfan punde æt ælsiᵹe abbod to ecan freote. [1086Domesday Bk. lf. 180 b, [In Biseley, Worcestershire] Ibi viij inter servos & ancillas & vaccarius & daia. ]c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 163 He awlencð his daie mid cloðes more þan him seluen. c1325Poem Times Edw. II, 81 in Pol. Songs (Camden) 327 And leveth thare behinde..A serjaunt and a deie that leden a sory lif. c1386Chaucer Nun's Pr. T. 26 She was as it were a maner deye. 14..Lat. & Eng. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 563/42 Anadrogia, a deye. Ibid. 564/6 Androchia, a deye. 1483in Cath. Angl. 16..in Maidment Sc. Pasquils (1868) II. 262 An old dey or dairy maid at Douglas Castle. 1721Ramsay To Gay xvii, Dance with kiltit dees, O'er mossy plains. c1820Lizie Lindsay in Child Ballads viii. (1892) 524/1 My father he is an old shepherd, My mither she is an old dey. Ibid. To the house o' his father's milk-dey. 1863Morton Cycl. Agric. Gloss., Dey (Perthsh.) a dairymaid. [1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. ii. 14 This part of the medieval farm was under the management of a deye, or dairy-woman.]
2. Extended to a man having similar duties.
[1351Act 25 Edw. III (Stat. Labourers) Stat. ii. c. 1 Chescun charetter, Caruer, Chaceour des carues, Bercher, Porcher, Deye, et touz autres servantz. 1363Act 37 Edw. III, c. 14 Bovers, vachers, berchers..Deyes, et touz autres gardeinz des bestes.] 1483Cath. Angl. 94 A Deye (Dere, deire A.); Androchius, Androchea, genatarius, genetharia. 1492Will of Hadley (Somerset Ho), William Bayly my dey. 1764Burn Poor Laws 9 [citing 25 Ed. III] Shepherds, swineherds, deies and all other servants. 1770–4A. Hunter Georg. Ess. (1803) III. 262 Thus would the careful dai be able on all occasions to observe the particular quality of each individual cow's milk. (Note. Dai or dei, in Aberdeenshire, denotes the person who has the superintendence of a dairy, whether that person be male or female.)
3. Comb. dey-girl, dey-maid, a dairy-maid. Also day-house, -wife, -woman.
1828Scott F.M. Perth xxxii, This happened so soon as the dey-girl..was about to return.
▪ II. ‖ dey2|deɪ|
Forms: 7 dye, dij, dei, 7–9 dey,
[a. F. dey, Turkish dāī ‘maternal uncle’. Also ‘a friendly title formerly given to middle-aged or old people, esp. among the Janissaries; and hence in Algiers appropriated at length to the commanding officer of that corps’.]
The titular appellation of the commanding officer of the Janissaries of Algiers, who, after having for some time shared the supreme power with the pasha or Turkish civil governor, in 1710 deposed the latter, and became sole ruler. There were also deys at Tunis in the 17th c., and the title is found applied to the governor or pasha of Tripoli.
‘The title of dey was not lately used at Algiers: the sovereign was styled pacha and effendi; the Moors called him Baba ‘Father’’ (Penny Cycl. 1833).
1659B. Harris Parival's Iron Age 294 General Blake..set sayl for Tunnis, where he fired a castle, and nine Turkish ships in Portferino, upon the disdainful refusal of the Dye of that place, to give satisfaction. 1676Lond. Gaz. No. 1102/1 The late Dey of Tripoli being fled, those People have made choice of Mustaphe Grande to succeed him. 1678Dryden Limberham i. i, By corrupting an Eunuch, [he] was brought into the Seraglio privately, to see the Dye's Mistress. 1679–88Secr. Serv. Money Chas. II & Jas. II (Camden) 91 Sent, the one to the Alcade of Alcazar, the other to the Dij of Algiers. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2313/1 The Dey of Tunis sent his Grace the usual Present. 1833Penny Cycl. I. 329/2 An insult offered by Hassein Pacha, the last dey, to the French consul in April 1827, induced the French government to send an expedition..to take possession of Algiers..in June 1830. 1843Ibid. XXV. 366/2 Of twenty-three deys who reigned [in Tunis], all were strangled or otherwise assassinated, with the exception of five. During these tumultuous times, the beys, who were the second officers of that state, gained the influence, and eventually the succession. 1847Mrs. A. Kerr Hist. Servia 104 Of all the Janissaries..none were more opposed to the Sultan than those at Belgrade..Already did their commanders designate themselves Dahis, after the example of the Deys of Barbary.
▪ III. dey
obs. f. die n. and v. |