| 释义 |
detention|dɪˈtɛnʃən|
[? a. F. détention (13th c. in Godef. Suppl., = Pr. detention, Sp. detencion, It. detenzione), ad. L. dētentiōn-em, n. of action from dētinēre to detain. The word is late in Eng. and may have been taken immed. from L.]
The action of detaining, or condition of being detained.
1. a. Keeping in custody or confinement; arrest. Used spec. of the confinement of a political offender. Cf. preventive detention.
house of detention, a place where arrested persons are kept in custody, before being committed to prison; a lock-up.
1570in Spottiswood Hist. Ch. Scot. (1655) 247 Her [Q. Mary's] detention under safe custody. 1793Vansittart Refl. Peace 37 The state of detention in which the King and Royal Family of France were. 1831Lytton Godolph. 12 Offering twenty guineas reward for his detention. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 204 The detention of a French citizen by a Prussian agent in a free town of the Empire was a distinct..illegality. 1909J. Morley Indian Speeches 146 There is no fixed limit of time of detention. 1920Statem. Moral & Mat. Progr. India 1919 26 in Parl. Papers (Cmd. 950) XXXIV. 744 The continued detention of dangerous characters already under control or in confinement. 1940J. Anderson in Hansard Commons 5th Ser. CCCLXI. 290 Regulation 18 B of the Defence Regulations was last night amended by the addition of a provision enabling me to order the detention of members of organizations which have had associations with the enemy.
†b. Bodily restraint by infirmity, etc. Obs. rare.
1650Fuller Pisgah iv. v. 86 Darkness for three days, not..from the suspension of the sun-beams, or detention of the Egyptians eyes.
c. At schools: keeping in as a punishment. Also concr. and attrib.
1882Boy's Own Paper 3 June 574/3 Mr. Rastle..set them each twelve propositions of Euclid to learn by heart, and two hours a-piece in the detention-room, there to meditate over their evil ways. 1909Wodehouse Mike xliii. 243 There is only one thing to be said in favour of detention on a fine summer's afternoon, and that is that it is very pleasant to come out of. 1931‘R. Crompton’ William's Crowded Hours ii. 34 He was unable to answer two very simple questions that the Latin master asked him, and was given a detention.
2. The keeping back or withholding of what is due or claimed.
1552Huloet, Detencion or witholdinge, detentio. 1607Shakes. Timon ii. ii. 39 The detention of long since due debts. 1640–1Kirkcudbr. War-Comm. Min. Bk. (1855) 21 Such monie..shall be frie of any common burden by detentione of any pairt of the annual rent. 1727–51Chambers Cycl., Detention..is chiefly used in an ill sense, for an unjust withholding, etc. 1861Stanley East. Ch. vii. (1869) 238 We can hardly suppose that his opponents really believed him guilty of the..detention of the corn.
3. Keeping in a place; holding in one's possession or control; retention. ? Obs. exc. in Law.
1626Bacon Sylva § 343 In Bodies that need Detention of Spirits, the Exclusion of the Air doth good. 1788Pasquin Childr. Thespis ii. (1792) 139 With ditties and puns he holds thought in detention. 1809–10Coleridge Friend (1866) 173 Had the First Consul acquiesced in our detention of Malta. 1871W. Markby Elem. Law §365 Possession sometimes means the physical control simply, the proper word for which is detention. 1875Poste Gaius iv. Comm. (ed. 2) 643 The depositary has mere detention, the depositor has possession.
4. A keeping from going on or proceeding; hindrance to progress; compulsory delay.
1600Hakluyt Voy. III. 150 (R.) Minding to proceede further south without long detention in those partes. 1793R. Hall Apol. Freedom Press Pref. 1 The accidental detention of the following pamphlet in the press longer than was expected. 1818M. Birkbeck Journ. Amer. 83 Benighted, in consequence of accidental detention, at the foot of one of these rugged hills. 1835Sir J. Ross Narr. 2nd Voy. vi. 81 In spite of all the detention we had suffered.
5. attrib., as detention barrack, a military prison; detention camp, in the war of 1914–18, a camp in which aliens and others were kept under restraint; also applied to other places of incarceration; detention centre, an institution in which young offenders are detained for short periods.
1906Act 6 Edw. VII c. 2 §6. 5 A soldier sentenced to imprisonment..may be confined in a detention barrack.
1916J. Buchan Greenmantle v. 62 The lieutenant discoursed a lot about prisoners and detention-camps. 1958New Statesman 25 Jan. 93/1 The new governor, by..his dramatic gesture of a Christmas amnesty for 100 prisoners from the detention camps, has provided a much needed tonic.
1948Act 11 & 12 Geo. VI c. 58 §48 Detention centres, that is to say places in which persons not less than fourteen but under twenty-one years of age who are ordered to be detained in such centres under this Act may be kept for short periods under discipline suitable to persons of their age and description. 1961Listener 19 Oct. 612/1 Mr. Sewell Stoke's talk on detention centres..paints a rosy picture of this comparatively new method of dealing with boys and young men of fourteen to twenty-one. |