| 释义 |
dessert|dɪˈzɜːt|
Also 7–8 desert, 8 des-, disart, 9 desert.
[a. F. dessert (Estienne 1539) ‘removal of the dishes, dessert’, f. desservir to remove what has been served, to clear (the table), f. des-, L. dis- + servir to serve.]
1. a. A course of fruit, sweetmeats, etc. served after a dinner or supper; ‘the last course at an entertainment’ (J.).
1600W. Vaughan Direct. Health (1633) ii. ix. 54 Such eating, which the French call desert, is unnaturall. 1666Pepys Diary 12 July, The dessert coming, with roses upon it, the Duchesse bid him try. 1708W. King Cookery 261 'Tis the dessert that graces all the feast. 1739R. Bull tr. Dedekindus' Grobianus 96 If the Guests may pocket the Desart. 1834Lytton Pompeii iv. iii, The dessert or last course was already on the table. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 69 The Medlar..when in a state of incipient decay is employed for the dessert. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 696 Pleasant kinds of dessert, with which we amuse ourselves after dinner.
b. ‘In the United States often used to include pies, puddings, and other sweet dishes’ (Cent. Dict.). Now also in British usage.
1789W. Maclay Jrnl. 27 Aug. (1890) iv. 138 The dessert was, first apple-pies, pudding, etc.; then iced creams, jellies, etc.; then water-melons, musk-melons, apples, peaches, nuts. 1833H. Barnard in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1918) XIII. 379 The desert was pudding—cherry pie—and strawberries, cream and sugar. 1846J. C. Patteson Let. in C. M. Yonge Life J.C.P. (1874) I. iii. 51, I have to give several parties..as the pastrycook's bill for desserts will show. 1848–60in Bartlett Dict. Amer. 1864A. V. Kirwan (title) Host & guest: a book about dinners, wines, and desserts. Ibid. xv. 213 A dessert should above all things be simple. Ibid. 229 Brandied fruits, compotes and fruits preserved in syrup, are generally produced at a French dessert. 1887Scribner's Mag. (Farmer), The pastry-cook [in Paris] is very useful. He supplies..such dessert (I use the word in the American sense) as an ordinary cook could not be expected to make. 1935W. Cather Lucy Gayheart i. iii. 23 He might have asked her and the boys to go out to the dining-car with him and have a dessert. 1966Woman 24 Sept. Pullout 1 (heading) A starter. A main dish. A dessert.
2. attrib. and Comb. dessert-knife, -plate, -spoon, etc., those used for the dessert; a dessert-spoon is intermediate in size between a table-spoon and a tea-spoon; dessert-service, the dishes, plates, and other requisites used in serving dessert.
1765J. Wedgwood Let. 6 July (1965) 35 Mr Grants desert service will be sent today. 1769Ibid. 20 Sept. (1965) 80, I have modeled you three or four sorts of desert plates. 1773Douglass in Phil. Trans. LXIII. 294 It is a common desert wine. 1793W. B. Stevens Jrnl. 6 June (1965) i. 86 He stabbed himself in three Places with a Desert Knife. 1808Jane Austen Let. 27 Dec. (1952) 243 A whole tablespoon and a whole dessert-spoon, and six whole teaspoons. 1851Mrs. Gaskell Let. Apr. (1966) 152 Miss Yates gives her a dessert service. 1860All Year Round No. 40. 564 An eye as large as a dessert-plate. 1861Delamer Kitch. Gard. 144 Dessert apples and kitchen apples can hardly be distinguished. 1870Ramsay Remin. vi. (ed. 18) 203 The servant..put down..a dessert-spoon. 1875Fam. Herald 13 Nov. 30/2 Take..one dessertspoonful of allspice. 1911Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 27 Apr. 3/1 (Advt.), Dessert Knives, Sheffield steel, fine handles. 1926–7Army & Navy Stores Catal. 702/1 A Dessert Service consists of 12 Plates and 6 Dishes. |