| 释义 |
desensitize, v.|diːˈsɛnsɪtaɪz|
[f. de- II. 1 + sensitize v.]
trans. To reduce or eliminate the sensitivity of. spec. a. Photogr. To reduce the sensitivity to light of (a plate or film). b. Med. To render (a person or animal) insensitive to an allergen. c. Psychiatry. To free (someone) from a neurosis or complex. d. Printing. To treat (a lithographic stone or plate) with a solution which makes the areas not bearing an image repel printing-ink. Also intr., to become insensitive (rare).
So deˌsensitiˈzation, the act or process of desensitizing; deˈsensitizer, a desensitizing agent; deˈsensitizing vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1904Brit. & Col. Printer 10 Mar. 15/2 Don't leave the plate too long out of the bath or it will desensitise. 1921Glasgow Herald 9 Mar. 7 A single bottle contains enough solution for the desensitising of hundreds of small plates. Ibid. 6 Apr. 7 The discovery of phenosafranin as a desensitiser. Ibid. 11 May 7 The desensitising properties of pheno-safranine. 1922Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. Alm. 368 The desensitising action. Ibid. 369 The transparent backing.. acts as a powerful desensitiser. 1924R. C. Low Anaphylaxis & Sensitisation x. 197 One attack of dermatitis venenata does not produce an immunity or desensitisation to further attacks. Ibid., Any attempt to desensitise patients by repeated applications of the irritant are [sic] not likely to be successful. 1935Howard & Patry Mental Health xiv. 318 The enucleation of ‘sore-spots’ or complex-determined topics, memories, associations and reactions which require desensitization and replacement by more wholesome resources and performances. 1937Sunday Dispatch 16 May 17 Thereafter, a course of special injections (known as ‘desensitisation’) is given in gradually increased doses to accustom the system to the guilty factor. 1937Discovery Oct. 299/1 The fixing of a photographic plate by desensitisation. 1940A. L. M. Sowerby Wall's Dict. Photogr. (ed. 15) 190 A desensitiser is a substance which, when applied to a sensitive emulsion, reduces its sensitivity to light. 1951R. Mayer Artist's Hand-Bk. xii. 383 The portions of the stone that have not been drawn upon are so desensitized that..if printing ink is smeared on these areas, it may easily be washed off. 1955E. Pound Section: Rock-Drill xcii. 81 For 40 years I have seen..desensitization. 1955Sci. News Let. 13 Aug. 106/3 Meanwhile, for the hay fever sufferer this season, shots to desensitize, or immunize, him against the pollens are the best that can be offered. 1959Chambers's Encycl. I. 709/2 On the allergic hypothesis, desensitization of the patient to the allergens to which he is sensitive seems the most rational treatment to attempt. 1961Lancet 19 Aug. 413/1 Bronchoconstriction and histamine release..were followed by desensitisation. Ibid. 413/2 The desensitising effects of increasing small doses of a specific antigen. 1967E. Chambers Photolitho-Offset xiii. 198 Whereas counter-etching is to clean the plate surface to hold the image, pre-etching follows counter-etching or surface treatment and is generally known as a desensitising etch. 1968Listener 15 Feb. 205/2 The patient does desensitise with a tape-recorder alone, but one patient said that without the therapist she wouldn't continue treatment. |