| 释义 |
▪ I. † deˈprave, n. Obs. rare.
[f. deprave v.]
Detraction, slander.
1610W. Folkingham Art of Survey, Author to Work 23 Whose iustly-honourd Names Shield from Depraue, Couch rabid Blatants, silence Surquedry. 1615Chapman Odyss. xxii. 585 That both on my head pour'd depraves unjust, And on my mother's, scandalling the court.
▪ II. † deˈprave, a. Obs. rare.
[An extension of prave = L. prāvus, after deprave vb. and its derivatives: cf. depravity.]
Depraved.
a1711Ken Hymnotheo Poet. Wks. 1721 III. 96 Ah me, even from the Womb I came deprave.
▪ III. deprave, v.|dɪˈpreɪv|
[ad. L. dēprāvāre to distort, pervert, corrupt (f. de- I. 3 + prāvus crooked, wrong, perverse: perh. immediately from F. dépraver (14th c. in Hatzf.). Sense 4 was perh. the earliest in Eng.: cf. also the derivatives.]
1. To make bad; to pervert in character or quality; to deteriorate, impair, spoil, vitiate. Now rare, exc. as in 2.
a1533Ld. Berners Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. xlvi, Olde folkes wyll depraue [printed depryue, L. depravabunt] thy mynde with their couetousnes. 1552Huloet, Depraue, peruert, or make yll, deprauo. 1558Warde tr. Alexis' Secr. (1568) 42 b, Sorowe, sadnesse, or melancholie corrupte the bloude..and deprave and hurt nature. c1630Donne Serm. viii. 83 A good worke not depraved with an ill Ende. 1685Boyle Salub. Air 14 The air is depraved..by being impregnated with Mineral Expirations. a1784Johnson in Croker's Boswell (1831) V. 419, I believe that the loss of teeth may deprave the voice of a singer. 1802Trans. Soc. Encourag. Arts XX. 222 It [sea-salt] rather depraves than improves the oils.
b. To corrupt (a text, word, etc.). arch.
1382Wyclif Job Prol., The thingis..bi the vice of writeris depraued. 1599H. Buttes Dyets drie Dinner G ij, Whence in tract of time the name is depraved: and B put for C. 1663Charleton Chorea Gigant. 25 He was forced to deprave the Text. 1710Prideaux Orig. Tithes iv. 179 But the second Paragraph being so depraved by after Transcribers, as not to be made Sense of. 1844Lingard Anglo-Sax. Ch. (1858) II. xi. 187 Restoring the true reading where it had been depraved. 1859F. Hall Vásavadattá Pref. 9 note, If his text has not been depraved at the hands of the scribes.
†c. To debase (coinage), falsify (measures, etc.). Obs.
1581W. Stafford Exam. Compl. ii. (1876) 68 And if our treasure be farre spent and exhaust..I could wish that any other order were taken for the recouery of it, then the deprauing of our coines. a1632T. Taylor God's Judgem. i. i. xxxi. (1642) 140 Among earthly princes, it is accounted a crime..to counterfeit or deprave their seales. 1650Fuller Pisgah 397 The Levites were esteemed the fittest keepers of measures..which willingly would not falsifie, or deprave the same. 1733Neal Hist. Purit. II. 424 Some Ministers in our state..endeavoured to make our money not worth taking, by depraving it.
†d. To desecrate. Obs. rare—1.
a1529Skelton Ware the Hauke [42 He wrought amys To hawke in my church of Dis.] 301 Dys church ye thus depravyd.
2. spec. To make morally bad; to pervert, debase, or corrupt morally. (The current sense.)
1482Monk of Evesham (Arb.) 59, I neuyr..hadde any suspycyon hethirto that the kynde of wemen hadde be deprauyd and defoyled by suche a foule synne. 1594Spenser Amoretti xxxi, A hart..Whose pryde depraues each other better part. 1667Milton P.L. v. 471 One Almightie is, from whom All things proceed, and up to him return, If not deprav'd from good. 1736Butler Anal. i. v. Wks. 1874 I. 101 Vicious indulgence..depraves the inward constitution and character. 1890Spectator 1 Mar., The belief that a witch was a person who leagued herself with the Devil to defy God and deprave man.
†3. To pervert the meaning or intention of, to pervert by misconstruing. Obs.
1382Wyclif 2 Pet. iii. 16 Summe harde thinges in vnderstondinge, the whiche unwijse..men deprauen..to her owne perdicioun. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 93 By..depravynge and mysiudgyng his entent in thynges that be good. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 344 b, What can be spoken so sincerely, but by sinister construing may be depraved? 1643Milton Divorce ii. xiii. Wks. 1738 I. 198 Our Saviour here confutes not Moses' Law, but the false Glosses that deprav'd the Law. 1660H. More Myst. Godliness vi. xvii. 214, I must confess they have not depraved the meaning of the seventh verse. 1703[see depraving vbl. n.].
†4. To represent as bad; to vilify, defame, decry, disparage. Obs. [So It. ‘depravare..to backbite’ (Florio).]
1362Langl. P. Pl. A. iii. 172, I com not to chyde, Ne to depraue þi persone with a proud herte. 1388Wyclif Prov. i. 29 Thei depraueden al myn amendyng [1382 bacbitiden]. 1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) II. 159 The peple of Englonde deprauenge theire owne thynges commende other straunge. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 1 b, How maliciously and wickedly England hath bene accused and depraved by her cursed enemy Osorius. 1642Rogers Naaman 97 Perhaps I shall heare the godly depraved, jeered at. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 174 Unjustly thou deprav'st it with the name Of Servitude.
†b. absol.
1599Shakes. Much Ado v. i. 95 Fashion-monging boyes, That lye, and cog, and flout, depraue, and slander. 1816Byron Monody on Sheridan 73 Behold the host! delighting to deprave, Who track the steps of Glory to the grave..Distort the truth, accumulate the lie, And pile the pyramid of Calumny!
†5. intr. To grow or become bad or depraved; to suffer corruption. Obs. rare.
1655Fuller Ch. Hist. ii. iii. §28 A Self-sufficiency, that soon improved into Plenty, that quickly depraved into Riot, and that at last occasioned their Ruin.
¶ Formerly often confused with, or erroneously used for, deprive.
1572J. Jones Bathes of Bath Ep. Ded. 2 Sicknesse..depriveth, deminisheth or depraveth the partes accidentally of their operations. c1614Drayton Legend of Duke Robert (1748) 194 O that a tyrant then should me deprave Of that which else all living creatures have! 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. i. iv, Lunatick persons, that are depraved [edd. 1660 and later deprived] of their wits by the Moones motion. 1632Lithgow Trav. ix. 407 John the 17. who after he was depraved his Papacy, had his eyes pulled out. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet 263 Oils entirely deprav'd of their Salts are not acrid. |