| 释义 |
Demiurge|ˈdɛmɪɜːdʒ, ˈdiːmɪ-|
[mod. ad. Gr. δηµιουργ-ός (Latinized dēmiūrgus), lit. public or skilled worker, f. δήµιος of the people, public + -εργος -working, worker: cf. F. demiurge. The Gr. and Lat. forms demiurgos, -urgus (diːmɪ-, dɛmɪɜːgəs), were in earlier use. (So in 16th c. F. demiourgon, Rabelais.)]
1. A name for the Maker or Creator of the world, in the Platonic Philosophy; in certain later systems, as the Gnostic, conceived as a being subordinate to the Supreme Being, and sometimes as the author of evil.
1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 259 Zeus..in Plato..sometimes..is taken for the Demiurgus or Opificer of the World, as in Cratylus. 1793T. Taylor Plato, Introd. to Timæus 402 By the demiurgus and father of the world we must understand Jupiter. 1840Browning Sordello v. 400 ‘Better,’ say you, ‘merge At once all workmen in the demiurge.’ 1867J. H. Stirling tr. Schwegler's Hist. Philos. (ed. 8) 83 (Plato) Demiurgus, by model of the eternal ideas, has fashioned it [the world] in perfection. 1873Whitney Orient. Stud. 94 The Hindu supreme God is..separated by a whole series of demiurges from all care of the universe. 1882Farrar Early Chr. II. 356 The Manichees subsequently argued, that there were two Gods—one the supreme and illimitable Deity..the other a limited and imperfect Demiurge.
2. Gr. Hist. The title of a magistrate in certain ancient Greek states, and in the Achæan League.
[1600Holland Livy xxxii. 823 (Stanf.), He was a demiurgus.] 1844Thirlwall Greece VIII. lxi. 102 The number of the demiurges seems..to have been limited to ten.
transf.1885Sir H. Taylor Autobiog. II. 39 Such pressures of official work..had become frequent since the retirement of the Demiurge, James Stephen.
Hence (nonce-wds.) demiˈurgeous a., of the nature of a demiurge; demiˈurgism, the doctrine of a demiurge; demiˈurgus-ship.
1882Stevenson Familiar Studies Pref. 15 Our demiurgeous Mrs. Grundy smiles apologetically on its victims. 1880A. Gray Lett. (1893) 695, I am amused at Professor{ddd}'s substitution of demiurgism for evolution. 1886in Century Mag. XXXII. 116 The prowling theosophies and demiurgisms that swarm in from the limbo of unreason. 1843Carlyle Past & Pr. iv. viii. (1872) 253 Unheard-of Demiurgus-ships, Priesthoods, aristocracies. |