| 释义 |
▪ I. rampart, n.|ˈræmpɑːt|
Also 6 -arte, -arde, -erd, 6–7 -ard, 7 -ert. See also rampire n.
[ad. F. rempart, † rempard, rampart, etc. (16th c.), f. remparer rampire v.]
1. Fortif. A mound of earth raised for the defence of a place, capable of resisting cannon-shot, wide enough on the top for the passage of troops, guns, etc., and usually surmounted by a stone parapet.
1583T. Stocker Civ. Warres Lowe C. iv. 64 b, This daie was begunne a Rampart, at Northe newe Gate. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. viij. 7 b, Strong walles, ramperdes, ditches. 1641Earl of Monmouth tr. Biondi's Civil Warres v. 134 The Rampard betweene the two townes was covered with blood. 1667Milton P.L. i. 678 To trench a Field, Or cast a Rampart. 1774Pennant Tour Scotl. in 1772, 91 The camps united to each other by a rampart. 1777Watson Philip II (1839) 233 The fort of Sparendam, the rampart of which stood on the dyke along which the troops must pass. 1810[see 3]. 1880Ouida Moths II. xvii. 235 It was rather a rampart than a terrace, and the waves beat and fretted the wall below.
transf. and fig.1611Bible Nahum iii. 8 That had the waters round about it, whose rampart was the sea. 1675Traherne Chr. Ethics 185 As the laws are the rampart of mens estates, justice is the rampart of the law. 1748Gray Alliance 96 The rocky ramparts round they see. 1818Shelley Rev. Islam vi. xi, Flesh and bone Soon made our ghastly ramparts. 1867Smiles Huguenots Eng. x. (1880) 159 Louis XIV..could not prevail against the impenetrable rampart of conscience.
2. Canad. A steep bank of a river or gorge. Usu. pl.
a1853R. Campbell Two Journals (retyped from MS, Vancouver Publ. Libr.) 112 Yesterday and today we have been passing through what they call the ramparts—rocks and steep banks along the river. 1921W. A. Fraser Red Meekins i. iii. 32 Cast high on a rampart by a thrust of the waters lay the stern half of their canoe. 1940Beaver June 29/1 After forty miles more came to the ramparts, a large canyon or gorge where for seven miles the river flows between perpendicular cliffs of limestone from one hundred to two hundred feet high. The channel is very deep here—three hundred feet in places. 1973D. Andersen Ways Harsh & Wild i. 48 Here in the upper ramparts there were steep cliffs and mountains rising on each side of the river.
3. attrib. and Comb., as rampart-base, rampart communication, rampart-height, rampart-line, rampart-walk.
1799Campbell Pleas. Hope Wks. (1837) 13 On the rampart-heights array'd His trusty warriors. 1810Wellington in Gurw. Desp. VI. 11 To fill up the rampart in the bastions, and to make a good rampart communication from both. 1852Tennyson Ode Wellington 105 The vast designs Of his labour'd rampart-lines. 1915G. Frankau Tid'apa v. 25 Green-dark to the rampart-bases, save where, like a wild beast's eye One red light glowered and glimmered in the shadow-tracery, stretched jungle. 1923R. G. Collingwood Roman Britain ii. 30 Along the top [of Hadrian's wall] was a rampart-walk, patrolled by the sentries, and reached by stairs either at a fort, a milecastle, or a turret.
▪ II. rampart, v.|ˈræmpɑːt|
[f. prec.]
trans. To fortify or surround with, or as with, a rampart.
Orig. only in ppl. form, perh. directly from the n.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. ii. x. 44 The castle..ramparded & ditched. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xv. §57. 792 A Field well trenched, and ramparted with strong Gates. 1796Coleridge Ode Departing Year, Those glittering dells Proudly ramparted with rocks. 1822Lamb Elia Ser. i. Distant Corr., I stood ramparted about with so many healthy friends. 1882G. Macdonald Castle Warlock I. i. 9 The hills that ramparted the horizon.
Hence ˈramparted, ˈramparting ppl. adjs.
1837Campbell On the Camp Hill in Poems 297 The ramparted ground With a vision my fancy inspires. 1850Browning Christmas Eve iv, The ramparted cloud-prison,..built up in the West. 1881F. T. Palgrave Vis. England 250 The ramparting rocks their darkness uprear. |