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▪ I. stereotype, n. and a.|ˈstɛriːəʊtaɪp, ˈstɪəriːəʊ-|
[a. F. stéréotype adj., f. Gr. στερεό-ς solid + τύπος type n.
In Fr. the word has only the original adjectival use, and the subst. use = édition stéréotype.]
A. n.
1. The method or process of printing in which a solid plate or type-metal, cast from a papier-mâché or plaster mould taken from the surface of a forme of type, is used for printing from instead of the forme itself.
1798Ann. Reg. Chron. 22 The celebrated Didot, the French printer, with a German, named Herman, have announced a new discovery in printing, which they term stereotype. 1809Europ. Mag. LV. 19 The prospectus of almost every work informs us, that the thing will be done in stereotype. 1816Q. Rev. XV. 345 The introducer of that mode of printing called Stereotype. 1824J. Johnson Typogr. II. xxii. 657 The invention of Stereotype, like that of Printing, is somewhat involved in mystery.
2. a. A stereotype plate. (In quot. 1817 used transf.)
1817Gentl. Mag. Dec. 500 note, An obelisk with engraved heiroglyphics upon it—a wooden or copper plate—a medal—are stereotpyes. a1823Hutton Course Math. (1827) I. 150 [They] are printed with what are called stereotypes, the types in each page being soldered together into a solid mass. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Stereotype, a solid page of metal cast from the letter-press. 1888Times 7 Jan. 7/1 He seized the stereotypes and withdrew.
b. In generalized sense.
1823Encycl. Brit. Suppl. VI. 378/1 The mode of casting stereotype is sufficiently simple. Ibid. A plate of stereotype does not require to be more than the seventh or eighth part of the thickness or height of the ordinary types.
3. fig.
a. Something continued or constantly repeated without change; a stereotyped phrase, formula, etc.; stereotyped diction or usage.
1850Prescott in Ticknor Life (1864) 337, I told the Queen of the pleasure I had in finding myself in a land of friends instead of foreigners,—a sort of stereotype with me. 1877Morley Crit. Misc. Ser. ii. 91 The growth of brighter ideals..will go on, leaving even further and further behind them your dwarfed finality and leaden moveless stereotype. 1908Q. Rev. July 5 The stereotype of school, newspaper and department prevails.
b. A preconceived and oversimplified idea of the characteristics which typify a person, situation, etc.; an attitude based on such a preconception. Also, a person who appears to conform closely to the idea of a type.
1922W. Lippman Public Opinion vi. 93 A stereotype may be so consistently and authoritatively transmitted in each generation from parent to child that it seems almost like a biological fact. 1935G. W. Allport in C. Murchison Handbk. Social Psychol. xvii. 809 Attitudes which result in gross oversimplifications of experience and in prejudgements{ddd}are commonly called biases, prejudices, or stereotypes. 1948Krech & Crutchfield Theory & Probl. Social Psychol. ii. v. 171 The concept of stereotype..refers to two different things. (1)..a tendency for a given belief to be widespread in a society... (2)..a tendency for a belief to be oversimplified in content and unresponsive to the objective facts. 1960T. Hughes Lupercal 42 Who lived at the top end of our street Was a Mafeking stereotype, ageing. 1968W. E. Lambert et al. in J. A. Fishman Readings Sociol. of Lang. 487 American students of English-speaking backgrounds who are in the process of studying the French language have a generally negative set of stereotypes about the basic personality characteristics of French-speaking people. 1974Howard Jrnl. XIV. 102 The stereotypes which society has of the offender, are quickly matched by stereotypes which many offenders create of society. 1981Church Times 23 Oct. 9/1 The neatly dressed unmarried lady (never without handbag)..is definitely not the narrow stereotype our media would have us think she is.
c. Zool. A stereotyped action or series of actions performed by an animal (see stereotyped ppl. a. c).
1966R. A. Hinde Animal Behaviour xxiii. 389 In captivity animals often develop behaviour stereotypes or tics which are repeated monotonously. 1971Sci. Amer. June 117/1 Although subordinate males had no chance to mate with hens at the display grounds, they did perform mock matings... Mounting a pile of dry cow manure or a log or simply squatting on the ground, they would go through the stereotype of mating actions: treading the object, fluttering their wings, lowering their tail and even in some cases ejaculating.
4. attrib. and Comb., as stereotype art, stereotype metal, stereotype office, stereotype plate; stereotype-founder, stereotype manufacturer, stereotype printer; stereotype-block, (a) a stereotype plate; (b) a block of iron or wood on which a stereotype plate is fixed; stereotype-press, (a) a press for shaping and drying the mould in which a stereotype is cast; (b) a printing-press in which stereotypes are used.
1801Tilloch's Philos. Mag. X. 277 If there would be an advantage in applying the *stereotype art to books of rapid sale.
1859R. Hunt Guide Mus. Pract. Geol. (ed. 2) 188 *Stereotype Blocks of Fusible Metal. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Stereotype-block, a block on which a stereotype is mounted to make it type-high.
1813A. Wilson in Trans. Soc. Arts XXVIII. 321 Having resolved to unite the business of a *Stereotype Bookseller to those of a Stereotype Manufacturer and Printer, I propose that [etc.].
1843Holtzapffel Turning I. 325 The *stereotype-cast is nearly as sharp as the original type.
Ibid., The *stereotype-founder takes a copy of the entire mass of type in plaster of Paris. 1813*Stereotype manufacturer [see stereotype bookseller].
1839Ure Dict. Arts 51 The alloys called type metal, *stereotype metal. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Stereotype-metal.
1804tr. Freylinghausen's Abstr. Chr. Relig. before title, Standing Rules of The *Stereotype Office.
1807Monthly Mag. May 372/2 The expence of *Stereotype plates..is not 20 l. per cent. of that of moveable type pages. 1872Yeats Techn. Hist. Comm. 339 A compound of tin and bismuth is employed in stereotype plates.
1805Gentl. Mag. Mar. 250/2 The first production of the new *stereotype press. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Stereotype-press, a small press for use in the clay process [of stereotyping]. 1813*Stereotype printer [see stereotype bookseller]. 1820T. Hodgson Ess. Stereotype Printing 119 As a stereotype printer Mr. Wilson must ever rank amongst the most eminent.
B. adj. (Often undistinguishable from the attrib. use of the n.)
1. lit. Of an edition: Printed by the process described above in A. 1. Also used as an epithet of the process.
1801Tilloch's Philos. Mag. X. 268 The processes connected with letter-press-plate or stereotype printing. 1817Gentl. Mag. Dec. 500 note, At the present Epoch (1800), the art of Printing is become rather retrograde; or we should not hear so much of Stereotype editions. 1820Milner Suppl. Mem. Eng. Cath. 243 A small stereotype edition of the New Testament. 1861Smiles Engineers II. 142 Earl Stanhope.. also made important improvements in the process of stereotype printing.
2. fig. = stereotyped b. Now somewhat rare.
1824Morier Hajji Baba I. Introd. Ep. p. xxxiv, It is an ingenious expression which I owe to you, sir, that the manners of the East are as it were stereotype. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. II. iii. iii, Cartels by the hundred: which he..answers now always with a kind of stereotype formula. 1846Hints on Husband-Catching 20 This same stereotype smile. 1848Curwen Singing Introd. p. xx, Thus is..singing made almost a hopeless thing by the stereotype faults of the Old Notation. 1895Oracle Encycl. I. 561/1 The style began to assume a stereotype character. 1899A. Gudeman in Class. Rev. XIII. 216/1 A veritable mosaic of stereotype ideas.
▪ II. ˈstereotype, v.|ˈstɛriːəʊtaɪp, ˈstɪəriːəʊ-|
[ad. F. stéréotyper, f. stéréotype: see prec.]
1. trans. To cast a stereotype plate from (a forme of type); to prepare (literary matter) for printing by means of stereotypes. Also absol.
1804tr. Freylinghausen's Abstr. Chr. Relig. title-p., The first book stereotyped by the new Process. 1818Todd (citing Entick). 1835W. Irving Life & Lett. (1866) III. 74, I have nearly stereotyped the third volume of my Miscellanies. 1855Doran Hanov. Queens II. x. 169 Early in 1798,..the first book was stereotyped in England. 1877H. Spencer in Min. Evid. Copyright Comm. (1878) 258, I was sanguine enough when I began this series of books, to stereotype.
2. fig. To fix or perpetuate in an unchanging form.
a1819Rees Cycl. s.v. Engraving, Vosterman..may be said at once to have successfully translated and stereotyped the great originals of those..painters [sc. Rubens and Vandyke]. 1841Miall in Nonconf. I. 401 The state-church stereotypes a system of faith. 1846Engl. Rev. Sept. 150 Yet he proposes a measure which would stereotype heresy and schism for ever. 1874Sayce Compar. Philol. ii. 73 Shakespeare and the Bible have stereotyped English. 1888Tansley in Hardwicke's Sci.-Gossip XXIV. 121/2 In flowers the colours are stereotyped and perpetuated by insect selection. |