| 释义 |
accidie
Forms: 3–4 acˈcide, acˈcyde; 3–5 acˈcidie, acˈcydye, ˈaccidye; 5–6 acˈcydye.
[a. OFr. acˈcide, aˈcide, ONormFr. acˈcidie, aˈcidie; ad. med.L. accīdia, corrupt. of late L. acēdia, a. Gr. ἀκηδία heedlessness, torpor (in Cicero, Att. xii. 45) n. of state f. ἀ not + κῆδ-ος care, κήδ-οµαι I care, lit. non-caring-state. Acēdia became a favourite ecclesiastical word, applied primarily to the mental prostration of recluses, induced by fasting, and other physical causes; afterwards the proper term for the 4th cardinal sin, sloth, sluggishness. (See Chaucer, Parson's Tale 603.) Its Greek origin being forgotten, the word was variously ‘derived’ from acidum sour (see Cæsarius quoted in Du Cange, and Roquefort ‘Acide: Ennui, tristesse, dégoût: d'acidum’); and from accidĕre to come upon one as an accident or access, whence the med.L. corruption, accidia, and OFr. and Eng. acˈcide, acˈcidie. The latter is Norman, the former Parisian; the later Eng. accentuation was ˈaccidie. With the restoration of Gr. learning, the L. became again acedia, whence a rare acedy in 17th c.]
Sloth, torpor.
c1230Ancren Riwle 208 Under accidie, þet ich cleopede slouhðe. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 4784 Swych synne men kalle accyde Yn Goddes seruyse slogh betyde. Ibid. 5326 Hyt ys sloghnes and kalled accyde, Fro goddys seruyse so long þe hyde. c1340Hampole Pr. Treat. 21 Breke doune also as þou may flesshely likyngis oþer in accidie or in bodili ease, or glotonie, or licherye. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 366 And after al þis excesse He hadde an accidie Þat he slepte saterday and sonday. c1386Chaucer Persones T. 603 After the synne of Enuye and of Ire, now wol I speken of the synne of Accidie [Lansd. MS. accide]. 1393Gower Conf. II. 19 To serve accidie in his office, There is of slouth an other vice. 1484Caxton Ordre of Chyualry 81 A man that hath accydye or slouthe hath sorowe and angre the whyle that he knoweth that an other man doth wel. 1484― Ryall Book A 5 The fourth heed of the beest of hell is slouthe, whyche is callyd of clerkys accidye. 1520W. de Worde Treatise of this Galaunt (Furnivall's Ball. fr. MSS. I. 448) Abhomynable accydye accuseth all our nacyon Our aungelyke abstynence is nowe refused. 1891F. Paget (title) The Spirit of Discipline..with an..essay concerning Accidie. 1923J. M. Murry Pencillings 21 The worst attack of accidie..gives way before them. 1936H. G. Wells Anat. Frust. vi. 54 There is nothing before you but sloth and apathy, accidie, which is a lingering suicide. |