| 释义 |
acceptor|ækˈsɛptə(r), -ˌtɔː(r)|
Also 4–6 acceptour.
[a. Anglo-Fr. acceptour, ad. L. acceptōr-em n. of agent, f. accept- ppl. stem of accipĕre to receive; see accept. This is the older form of the word, found in Wyclif, afterwards replaced by or refashioned as accepter; in recent times it has been restored in a special sense, and is sometimes also, after the L., used in the general sense.]
1. One who accepts; = accepter.
1382Wyclif Acts x. 34 For god is not acceptour of persones. 1865Athenæum No. 1979. 434/1 The interpretation..has found innumerable acceptors.
2. He who accepts a bill of exchange, or formally undertakes its payment when due.
1776A. Smith Wealth of Nat. I. ii. ii. 309 If, when the bill becomes due, the acceptor does not pay it. 1868Rogers Pol. Econ. (ed. 3) xi. 150 The Bill of Exchange..is an order written by the drawer and addressed to the acceptor.
3. An atom or molecule capable of receiving an electron and so combining with another atom or molecule; spec. in a semi-conducting material (see quot. 1950). Cf. donor 2.
1907Chem. Abstr. 2342 It should be possible to substitute the anode of an electrolytic cell in place of the acceptor in an oxidation process. 1927N. V. Sidgwick Electronic Theory of Valency vii. 116 When a co-ordinate link is formed between two atoms, one of them gives the other a share in two of its own (previously unshared) electrons... We may call the atom which lends the two electrons..the donor, and the one which receives them..the acceptor. 1940S. Glasstone Text-Bk. Physical Chem. (1941) i. 99 The terms donor and acceptor are often employed to describe the two atoms, or the molecules in which they are present, involved in a dative bond. 1949Physical Rev. LXXV. 865/2 The ionization energy of donors is less than that of acceptors, probably because conduction electrons have a smaller effective mass than holes. 1950W. Shockley Electrons & Holes in Semi-conductors (1951) i. 14 Impurities with a valence of five are called ‘donor impurities’ because they donate an excess electron to the crystal; those with a valence of three are called ‘acceptor impurities’, since they accept an electron from somewhere else in the crystal to complete the structure of the valence bonds with their neighbors, thus leaving a hole to conduct.
4. An apparatus designed to accept; also attrib., as acceptor circuit. Cf. rejector.
1923Harmsworth's Wireless Encycl. I. 9/2 Any circuit which comprises an inductance and capacity in series, which is in resonance with the frequency applied to it, is said to be an acceptor circuit for that frequency. 1931B.B.C. Year-Bk. 435/1 Acceptor Circuit, a tuned oscillatory circuit, having the opposite characteristics of a rejector circuit. 1946Electronic Engin. XVIII. 45 It is better to tune the acceptor well below 25 c/s. |